Lecture 5 - Cardiovascular Neck & Thorax Anatomy Flashcards
blood is carried to the heart muscle by the
coronary arteries
what carries oxygenated blood to the left atrium
pulmonary veins
T/F: if an artery passes over an anatomic structure, it will supply feeder branches to it
TRUE
define anastomoses
interatrial connections that provide alternative flow pathways
define collateral circulation
alternative flow pathway when the main trunk is obstructed
T/F: it is rare that tissues that use collateral circulation survive
FALSE
define rete mirabile
main trunk splits into more or less at once into a leash of parallel vessels
give an example of rete mirabile
arterial supply to the brain in cats/ruminants
renal glomeruli
why is myocardial infarction in domestic animals rare
a large amount of collateral circulation and low presence of arteriosclerosis
define ischemia
deficient blood to body part due to obstruction
define infarction
injury or death of tissue from inadequate blood supply due to obstruction
how is aorta branching different in horses/ruminants versus cats/dogs
horses and ruminants possess one branch while cats and dogs possess two
how do arteries branch off the aorta is horses/ruminants
brachiocephalic trunk - left and right subclavian a. - bicarotid trunk - left and right carotid a.
the internal thoracic arteries give rise to what
- ventral branch of intercostal a.
- cranial epigastric a.
name the branches of the subclavian a.
- vertebral a.
- costocervical trunk
- superficial cervical a.
- internal thoracic a.
for a thoraco-/pericardio- centesis, where is the needle inserted
along the cranial border of the rib
what are the contents of the carotid sheath
- internal jugular v.
- vagosympathetic trunk
- tracheal trunk
- common carotid a.
name the branches of the common carotid a.
- cranial thyroid a.
- internal carotid a.
- external carotid a.
what is the most common vascular ring anomaly
persistent right aortic arch (entraps esophagus and trachea)
what forms the heart during embryonic development
left and right ventral aortas
what forms the descending aorta during embryonic development
left and right dorsal aortas
if the aortic arches fail to regress what will occur
vascular ring anomalies
a 6m/o German shepherd presents with stunted growth, low body weight, polyphagia, regurgitation, and exercise intolerance. what is a likely diagnosis
persistent right aortic arch
a young Boston terrier presents with coughing, dyspnea, polyphagia, and the owner says P will vomit undigested food after eating. what is the secondary diagnosis?
aspiration pneumonia
