Lecture 29 - Carnivore LRT Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two layers of serous membranes

A
  1. epithelial
  2. connective tissue
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2
Q

what layer of serous membrane produces serous fluid

A

epithelial layer

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3
Q

what are the 3 functions of the serous membrane

A
  1. reduce friction between organs and surrounding structures
  2. provide defense against infection
  3. fat storage
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4
Q

where is pleura

A

lining the thoracic cavity and covering the lungs

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5
Q

name the membrane:

inner layer adjacent to an “organ”

A

visceral

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6
Q

name the membrane:

outer layer adjacent to cavity wall or other structure

A

parietal

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7
Q

name the membrane:

space between continuous layers

A

pleural cavity

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8
Q

the term used to refer to the lungs is

A

pulmonary

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9
Q

what are the 3 divisions of the parietal pleura

A
  1. costal
  2. diaphragmatic
  3. mediastinal
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10
Q

plica vena cava

A

fold of pleura around the caudal vena cava

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11
Q

pulmonary ligament

A

fold of pleura extending from root of lung to caudal lobe

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12
Q

where does the trachea end

A

4th ICS

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13
Q

what is the most caudal ridge of tracheal cartilage

A

carina

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14
Q

apex of lung

A

rounded point; cranial extent into thoracic inlet

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15
Q

base of lung

A

concave caudal surface adjacent to diaphragm

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16
Q

the left lung has what lobes

A
  1. cranial
  2. caudal
17
Q

the right lung has what lobes

A
  1. cranial
  2. middle
  3. caudal
  4. accessory
18
Q

where is the cardiac notch located

A

between the cranial and middle lobes

19
Q

hilus of the lung

A

entry/exit of the pulmonary vessel and receive principal bronchi

vase

20
Q

root of the lung

A

pulmonary vessels and principal bronchi

flower stems

21
Q

pulmonary artery

A

carry deoxygenated blood
one per lung, divide into lobar

22
Q

pulmonary veins

A

carry oxygenated blood
one per lung

23
Q

what is the line of pleural reflection

A

fold created by parietal pleura transitioning from the diaphragm to the ribs (8th ICS to 13th ICS)

24
Q

costodiaphragmatic recess

A

space defined by the line of pleural reflection that allows for lung expansion (6th CCJ to 11th)

25
what diseases affect the pleural cavity
1. pneumothorax (air) 2. pyothorax (pus) 3. hemothorax (blood) 4. hydrothorax (transudate) 5. chylothorax (lymph)
26
where should a thoracocentesis be performed in the cat
caudal 8th ICS
27
where should a thoracocentesis be performed in the dog
caudal 7/8th ICS
28
what muscles are involved in inspiration
1. diaphragm 2. external intercostals 3. serratus dorsalis 4. scalenus
29
what muscles are involved in expiration
1. internal intercostals 2. abdominal mm.