Lecture 29 - Carnivore LRT Flashcards
what are the two layers of serous membranes
- epithelial
- connective tissue
what layer of serous membrane produces serous fluid
epithelial layer
what are the 3 functions of the serous membrane
- reduce friction between organs and surrounding structures
- provide defense against infection
- fat storage
where is pleura
lining the thoracic cavity and covering the lungs
name the membrane:
inner layer adjacent to an “organ”
visceral
name the membrane:
outer layer adjacent to cavity wall or other structure
parietal
name the membrane:
space between continuous layers
pleural cavity
the term used to refer to the lungs is
pulmonary
what are the 3 divisions of the parietal pleura
- costal
- diaphragmatic
- mediastinal
plica vena cava
fold of pleura around the caudal vena cava
pulmonary ligament
fold of pleura extending from root of lung to caudal lobe
where does the trachea end
4th ICS
what is the most caudal ridge of tracheal cartilage
carina
apex of lung
rounded point; cranial extent into thoracic inlet
base of lung
concave caudal surface adjacent to diaphragm
the left lung has what lobes
- cranial
- caudal
the right lung has what lobes
- cranial
- middle
- caudal
- accessory
where is the cardiac notch located
between the cranial and middle lobes
hilus of the lung
entry/exit of the pulmonary vessel and receive principal bronchi
vase
root of the lung
pulmonary vessels and principal bronchi
flower stems
pulmonary artery
carry deoxygenated blood
one per lung, divide into lobar
pulmonary veins
carry oxygenated blood
one per lung
what is the line of pleural reflection
fold created by parietal pleura transitioning from the diaphragm to the ribs (8th ICS to 13th ICS)
costodiaphragmatic recess
space defined by the line of pleural reflection that allows for lung expansion (6th CCJ to 11th)
what diseases affect the pleural cavity
- pneumothorax (air)
- pyothorax (pus)
- hemothorax (blood)
- hydrothorax (transudate)
- chylothorax (lymph)
where should a thoracocentesis be performed in the cat
caudal 8th ICS
where should a thoracocentesis be performed in the dog
caudal 7/8th ICS
what muscles are involved in inspiration
- diaphragm
- external intercostals
- serratus dorsalis
- scalenus
what muscles are involved in expiration
- internal intercostals
- abdominal mm.
