Lecture 21 - Respiratory microanatomy Flashcards
what is the nasal vestibule?
transition from stratified epithelium of skin to epithelium of nasal cavity
describe the conducting region of the nasal cavity
epithelium type?
function?
- pseudostratified ciliated columnar
- highly vascular (warms), humidity, trap particles and move mucus to the pharynx
describe the olfactory region of the nasal cavity
epithelium type?
function?
- specialized sensory with hair cells
- smell, contains vomeronasal organ for pheromone detection
describe the pharynx
epithelium type?
function?
- pseudostratified ciliated columnar
- lymphoid
describe the larynx
epithelium type?
function?
1a. supraglottic = stratified squamous
2a. swallowing
1b. subglottic = pseudostratified
2b. mucoserous
describe the trachea
epithelium type?
function?
1a. pseudostratified
2a. different producer cells present
1b. subepithelia = elastic
2b. mucous blanket and mucociliary escalator
what is the function of the mucociliary escalator
move mucous up the trachea to the larynx/pharync
what are the 3 layers of the trachea
- c-shaped hyaline cartilage
- trachealis m
- adventitia
what is the function of the c-shaped hyaline cartilage of the trachea
prevent tracheal collapse
what is the function of trachealis m
narrow diameter of trachea to increase air velocity or account for esophagus growth
beginning at the primary bronchi, what is the route of air through the lungs
- primary bronchi
- secondary (lobar) bronchi
- tertiary bronchi
- bronchioles
- respiratory bronchioles
- alveoli
what is the mesothelium? What does it produce?
epithelial lining of the lungs (visceral) and cavity (parietal) to produce serous secretions
what is unique about the smooth muscle in the bronchus
arranged in spiral helix
what are the 2 components of the bronchus connective tissue
- elastic fibers
- loose CT
what are clara cells? where are they found?
clara cells = non-ciliated cells that act to detoxify and as surfactant found in bronchioles
