Lec 8/9-3 - Somatosensory System & Pain

Question 1

hair receptors are considered to e this type of receptor

Answer 1

mechanoreceptor

Question 2

hair being bent causes mechanoreceptors to change blank and let sodium in and generate blank via voltage gated channels

Answer 2

conformation, an action potential

Question 3

for fine tactile sensation from touch and light pressure

Answer 3

meissner corpuscles

Question 4

meissners corpuscle has blank adaptation

Answer 4

rapid

Question 5

for touch but adapt slowly

Answer 5

merkel endings

Question 6

meissners are located here

Answer 6

epithelium

Question 7

merkels are located here

Answer 7

basal epidermis

Question 8

these are sensitive to vibration

Answer 8

pacinian

Question 9

pacinian adapt blank

Answer 9

fast

Question 10

pacinian are located here

Answer 10

ct and subcutaneous throughout entire body

Question 11

pacinian corpuscles are best for the first signs of blank

Answer 11

neuropathy

Question 12

most common receptor in the mouth

Answer 12

ruffini

Question 13

ruffini is located here

Answer 13

subcutaneous and ct

Question 14

ruffini adapts blank

Answer 14

slow

Question 15

c tactile afferents are myelinated/unmyelinated and involved in blank

Answer 15

unmyelinated, pleasure/stroking

Question 16

location where a change in the stimulus leads to a change in the firing of a cell

Answer 16

receptive fields

Question 17

receptive field size of fingers

Answer 17

tiny

Question 18

some receptive fields are small due to blank

Answer 18

inhibitory circuits

Question 19

more convergence leads to a blank receptive field

Answer 19

larger

Question 20

blank organization tells us where things are and where they are not

Answer 20

center surround

Question 21

most somatosensory information is from this neuron in the column

Answer 21

4

Question 22

blank can modify activity of cortical somatosensory neurons

Answer 22

attention

Question 23

response of tactile sensation is filtered by blank

Answer 23

thalamus

Question 24

periodontal ligaments contain these

Answer 24

free nerve endings, ruffini mechanoreceptors

Question 25

teeth contain blank

Answer 25

pain fibers

Question 26

how many types of dental sensory fibers

Answer 26

6

Question 27

these provide information about tooth loading and direction the teeth are being pushed

Answer 27

periodontal ruffini endings

Question 28

periodontal ruffini endings die when blank

Answer 28

tooth is pulled and implant is placed

Question 29

detection and localization of a stimulated pain receptor

Answer 29

nociceptor

Question 30

this involves the emotional and arousal aspects of such stimulation

Answer 30

pain

Question 31

pain and temp are always translated along blank pathways

Answer 31

the same

Question 32

thermoreceptors can transmit information of blank or blank temp ranges

Answer 32

non noxious, noxious

Question 33

menthol activates these thermoreceptors

Answer 33

cold

Question 34

capsaicin in peppers activate these thermoreceptors

Answer 34

capsaicin

Question 35

capsaicin works by depleting this transmitter

Answer 35

substance p

Question 36

ibuprofen is blank selective compared to aspirin

Answer 36

more

Question 37

both aspirin and ibuprofen block blank

Answer 37

cox 2

Question 38

aspirin is a blank which selectively blocks pain and doesnt affect other senses

Answer 38

analgesic

Question 39

anesthetics block blank so other senses are also affected

Answer 39

nonselectively

Question 40

this activates mast cells, macrophages, and neutrophils

Answer 40

substance p

Question 41

cgrp and subtance p cause blank which causes edema and more pain

Answer 41

vasodilation/plasma leakage

Question 42

increased sensitivity to pain

Answer 42

hyperalgesia

Question 43

pain due to a simulus that does not normally provoke pain

Answer 43

allodynia

Question 44

painful inflammatory infection of the pulp

Answer 44

pulpitis

Question 45

immune cells are the major source of the peripheral blank

Answer 45

opioid

Question 46

endorphins are aka

Answer 46

endogenous morphine

Question 47

opioid receptors have effects by changing second messengers like blank

Answer 47

cAMP

Question 48

peripheral opioid receptors lead to less activation of these channels which decreases pain

Answer 48

calcium, voltage gated sodium

Question 49

pain fibers use a blank kind of sodium channel compared to non pain fibers

Answer 49

different

Question 50

can develop after traumatic damage to peripheral nerve and one mechanism is upregulation of sodium channels which leads to more pain

Answer 50

causalgia

Question 51

blank projections in spinal cord control how much pain reaches consciousness

Answer 51

descending

Question 52

gate control theory can act by this mechanism to reduce pain transmission by releasing endorphin

Answer 52

presynaptic

Question 53

gate control theory can work by this mechanism which increases potassium channel activity so the cells are less excitable

Answer 53

postsynaptic

Question 54

tens activates this size of axons wherever pain is to inhibit the pain

Answer 54

large

Question 55

wide dynamic range of dorsal horn projection cells means that it responds to these inputs`

Answer 55

touch, pain

Question 56

repeated or extremely intense painful stimuli can make cns neurons abnormally prone to firing and the synapse becomes stronger

Answer 56

central sensitization

Question 57

one mechanism of central sensitization is from extreme activation of blank receptors

Answer 57

nmda glutamate receptors

Question 58

pain that does not have a visible cause like phantom limb

Answer 58

neuropathic pain

Question 59

fast pain is done by the blank cortex and localizes pain but doesnt tell about the magnitude of the pain

Answer 59

somatosensory

Question 60

slow pain is the emotional response to pain and is done here

Answer 60

anterior cingulate cortex

Question 61

cannabinoids work via blank receptors and are blank because they work backward and act on the presynaptic cell

Answer 61

g protein cannabinoid, retrograde

Question 62

cannibinoids inhibit targest by reducing this channel activity and activating blank channel activity

Answer 62

calcium, potassium

Question 63

cannabinoids reduce pain like blank

Answer 63

opioids

Question 64

two types of itch

Answer 64

chemical, mechanical

Question 65

chemical itch is mediated by blank

Answer 65

c fibers

Question 66

mechanical itch is mediated by blank fibers

Answer 66

c and a