Lec 1 - 4 - Renal Physiology Flashcards
main osmolytes
NaCl, glucose, blood urea nitrogen
high osmolality causes cell to blank
shrink
low osmolality causes cell to blank
swell/burst
normal blood volume
5 L
normal plasma volume
3 L
kidneys do almost all of the blank excretion from the body
electrolyte
normal plasma pH
7.4
kidneys excrete these end products of metabolism
urea, uric acid, creatinine
hormone that activates angiotensin/aldosterone which regulates blood pressure and sodium/potassium balance
renin
hormone in kidney that is a metabolite of vitamind d3 and is necessary for absorption of calcium by gut and its deposition in bone
calcitriol
hormone in kidney that stimulates production of rbc by bone marrow
erythropoeitin
dialysis is necessary if there is less than this percent of kidney function
10 percent
most common type of organ transplant
kidney
wait time for kidney
3-5 years
kidneys use this percent of cardiac output
25 percent
kidneys use this much of the total oxygen
7 percent
kidney is surrounded by a fibrous blank and blank tissue
capsule, adipose
two regions of kidney
cortex, medulla
functional unit of the kidney
nephron
this many nephrons per kidney
1.2 million
steps of renal vasculature
filtration, reabsorption, secretion, excretion
specialized cells from bowmans capsule cover each glomerular capillary.. these are called blank
podocytes
podocytes come together to cover the basement membrane and are separated by apparent gaps called blank
filtration slits
each filtration slit is bridged by a blank
diaphragm
