Lec 2 - 5 - Lung Volumes / PFT

Question 1

inspiration is an active process at all lung volumes except blank

Answer 1

functional residual capacity

Question 2

stretched muscles have blank force

Answer 2

less

Question 3

shortened muscles have blank force

Answer 3

more

Question 4

weak muscles cause a blank frc because recoil is greater than chest wall force

Answer 4

decreased

Question 5

driving force of the pressure across the respiratory system

Answer 5

alveolar pressure - barometric pressure… Pa - Pb

Question 6

primary determinants of lung volume

Answer 6

sex, age, height

Question 7

residual volume formula

Answer 7

= (IC + functional residual capacity) - vital capacity

Question 8

with an airway obstruction, the functional residual capacity will blank

Answer 8

increase

Question 9

obstructive diseases like emphysema have blank muscle strength, blank lung compliance, and blank airway resistance due to smooth muscle constriction and mucus plugging airways

Answer 9

decreased, increased, increased

Question 10

emphysema causes blank residual volume and functional residual capacity and total lung capacity

Answer 10

increased

Question 11

emphysema causes blank vital capacity and forced expiratory volume

Answer 11

decreased

Question 12

compliance formula

Answer 12

delta V / delta P

Question 13

flow in large airways

Answer 13

turbulent

Question 14

flow in small airways

Answer 14

laminar flow

Question 15

resistance formula

Answer 15

delta P / V

Question 16

usually, the blank and blank flow rates are equal to each other

Answer 16

inspiratory, expiratory

Question 17

inspiratory flow resistance is effort blank, but expiratory flow resistance is effort blank

Answer 17

dependent, independent

Question 18

expiratory and inspiratory flow are effort blank

Answer 18

dependent

Question 19

premature airway collapse to alveoli if the airway resistance is very blank and will result in crackles and rales

Answer 19

high