Lec 8 - 4 - Acid Base

Question 1

blood pH below 7.35

Answer 1

acidosis

Question 2

blood pH above 7.45

Answer 2

alkalosis

Question 3

most acid comes from blank but second is from blank

Answer 3

metabolism, diet

Question 4

major components of body’s buffering system

Answer 4

CO2, HCO3-

Question 5

equilibrium toward H+ production

Answer 5

acidosis

Question 6

equilibrium toward H+ consumption

Answer 6

alkalosis

Question 7

metabolic pH imbalance is due to changes in blank

Answer 7

HCO3-

Question 8

respiratory pH imbalance is due to changes in blank

Answer 8

CO2

Question 9

increased CO2 leads to increased blank

Answer 9

H+

Question 10

plasma that is adequately ventilated will not have a build up of co2 because it is a blank system

Answer 10

open buffering

Question 11

lung regulates the blank balance of blood

Answer 11

co2

Question 12

kidneys control balance of blank

Answer 12

hco3

Question 13

bicarbonate is the only solute reabsorbed by PT that does not use blank cotransport

Answer 13

sodium

Question 14

blank happens at apical

Answer 14

H+ secretion

Question 15

blank happens at basolateral

Answer 15

HCO3- reabsorption

Question 16

how the kidney prevents from becoming less acidic than 4.4

Answer 16

binds H+ to non HCO3- buffers

Question 17

nonvolatile buffers

Answer 17

phosphate, creatinine, urate

Question 18

most commonly used nonvolatile buffer used to bind to H+

Answer 18

phosphate

Question 19

new hco3 can be derived from blank breadown

Answer 19

glutamine

Question 20

proximal tubule cannot maximally acidify urine so blank play an important supporting role via blank cells

Answer 20

distal tubule, intercalated

Question 21

alpha intercalated cells secrete blank

Answer 21

acid

Question 22

beta intercalated cells secrete blank

Answer 22

base

Question 23

hyperventilation leads to blank due to blank co2

Answer 23

respiratory alkalosis, decreased

Question 24

poor ventilation leads to blank due to blank co2

Answer 24

respiratory acidosis, increased

Question 25

proximal tubule acidosis causes blank and is due to decreased plasma bicarbonate due to mutations of blank

Answer 25

stunted height/weight, blindness, sodium bicarbonate cotransporter