Lec 1

Question 1

2 things that cant go through membrane

Answer 1

large uncharged polar molecules, charged ions

Question 2

2 large uncharged molecules

Answer 2

glucose, sucrose

Question 3

proteins that are not open simultaneously to both the inside and outside the cell

Answer 3

carrier

Question 4

proteins that are either all the way open or all the way close to both sides

Answer 4

channel

Question 5

carrier proteins can be blank or blank transport

Answer 5

primary active, secondary active

Question 6

carriers move molecules blank concentration gradient

Answer 6

against

Question 7

secondary active transport uses blank energy

Answer 7

potential

Question 8

sodium potassium pump has sodium and potassium going blank their conc gradients… 3 sodium go blank and 2 potassium go blank

Answer 8

against, out, in

Question 9

phosphorylation of atpase changes the blank which changes the blank from the outside to the inside

Answer 9

conformation, open side

Question 10

extrusion of blank provides potential energy for most secondary active transport

Answer 10

sodium

Question 11

sodium potassium pump uses blank of the energy used by the body and blank percent of the energy used by the brain

Answer 11

25, 70

Question 12

sodium potassium pump is blank which means it is contributing to the small amount to the resting blank membrane potential

Answer 12

negative

Question 13

steps of secondary active transport

Answer 13

sodium binds to carrier, sodium binding creates a site for glucose in carrier, glucose binding changes carrier conformation, sodium released into cytosol and glucose follows

Question 14

protein that does secondary active transport of glucose

Answer 14

sglt

Question 15

inhibiting the sodium potassium pump would increase the concentration of blank in the cell due to decreased function of blank

Answer 15

calcium, sodium calcium exchanger

Question 16

na ca exchanger moves blank in and blank out

Answer 16

sodium, calcium

Question 17

the equilibrium potential is when the blank gradient exactly opposes the blank gradient

Answer 17

electrical, concentration

Question 18

cells normally maintain an internal voltage of about blank

Answer 18

-70 mV

Question 19

charge =

Answer 19

ions

Question 20

current =

Answer 20

ions/sec

Question 21

energy to move charge

Answer 21

voltage (potential)

Question 22

ease of moving charge across membrane

Answer 22

conductance (1/resistance)

Question 23

excitation makes voltage more blank

Answer 23

positive

Question 24

inhibition makes voltage more blank

Answer 24

negative

Question 25

depolarization makes cell more blank

Answer 25

positive

Question 26

hyperpolarization makes cell more blank

Answer 26

negative

Question 27

two key events that are initiated by depolarization

Answer 27

producing action potential, releasing nt

Question 28

2 things that are membrane permeable

Answer 28

hydrophobic molecules, small uncharged polar molecules