Lec 3 - 5 - Pulmonary Mechanics

Question 1

PL is the blank

Answer 1

distending pressure

Question 2

Pel is the blank

Answer 2

pressure collapsing the lung

Question 3

Pel and blank are equal and opposite pressures

Answer 3

Pcw pressure of the chest wall

Question 4

pneumothorax causes blank due to increased pressure from air getting inside chest wall

Answer 4

lung collapse

Question 5

lung compliance formula

Answer 5

delta v / delta p

Question 6

low compliance leads to decreased blank

Answer 6

vital capacity

Question 7

high levels of compliance leads to blank vital capacity such as emphysema

Answer 7

increased

Question 8

ability of the lung to recoil to resting volume

Answer 8

elastance

Question 9

increased volume in the lung blank compliance

Answer 9

decreases

Question 10

surfactant is mostly made of blank

Answer 10

phospholipids

Question 11

surfactant function by the law of laplace … formula

Answer 11

P = 2T/r

T = surface tension
r = radius

Question 12

without surfactant, the lung volumes would require a greater blank pressure to keep the lung expanded

Answer 12

transmural

Question 13

fibrosis results in blank recoil

Answer 13

increased

Question 14

emphysema results in blank recoil

Answer 14

decreased

Question 15

airway resistance poiseuille’s law formula

Answer 15

R = Ln / r^4

L = length
n = viscosity
r = radius

Question 16

upper airway resistance is in blank

Answer 16

series r = r+r+r…

Question 17

lower airways resistance is blank

Answer 17

parallel = r = 1/r + 1/r….

Question 18

laminar flow in small airways is blank unlike upper large airways

Answer 18

silent

Question 19

reynolds number formula which predicts the type of flow that predominates (laminar vs turbulent)

Answer 19

Re = 2rvd / n

r= radius
v = velocity of airflow
d = air density
n = air viscosity

Question 20

reynolds number greater than 2000 is blank but less than is blank

Answer 20

turbulent flow, laminar flow

Question 21

flow limitation / equal pressure point?

Answer 21

ok