Lec 2-3 Reflexes

Question 1

Delay from stimulus to response

Answer 1

Latency

Question 2

Order of stretch reflex

Answer 2

Spindle afferent –> dorsal root ganglion –> branches into two –> one branch goes to inhibitory interneuron then inhibits antagonist –> one branch goes and excites agonist

Question 3

Protective reflex stimulus

Answer 3

Noxious

Question 4

Protective reflex response

Answer 4

Contract flexors and relaxation of extensors at every joint in the limb, then crossed extension to get extra postural support from other side of body

Question 5

Spinal cord also contains blank generators

Answer 5

Pattern

Question 6

Unlearned motor response to sensory stimulus

Answer 6

Reflex

Question 7

tonic neck reflex when head up

Answer 7

forelimbs extend, hindlimbs flex

Question 8

tonic neck reflex when head down

Answer 8

forelimbs flex, hindlimbs extend

Question 9

rotate head to one side tonic neck reflex

Answer 9

ipsilateral limb extends, contralateral limb flexes

Question 10

all reflexes are under the control of blank of the motor system if we are trying to suppress a reflex

Answer 10

higher levels

Question 11

this is the complete absence of reflexes immediately following spinal cord transection but they gradually return

Answer 11

spinal shock

Question 12

damage to motor cortex or pyramidal tract will cause this reflex

Answer 12

babinski sign

Question 13

normal response to scraping foot lightly

Answer 13

plantar reflex

Question 14

babinski sign to scraping foot lightly

Answer 14

extensor reflex

Question 15

babinski sign is normal in blank

Answer 15

babies

Question 16

hypotonia is seen in these syndromes

Answer 16

down, prader willi

Question 17

hypertonia is seen in blank

Answer 17

cerebral palsy

Question 18

interollicular transection of the midbrain causes increased tone in extensors of all limbs

Answer 18

decerebrate rigidity

Question 19

to get rid of decerebrate rigidity

Answer 19

cut dorsal roots

Question 20

lesions of motor cortex or a stroke can cause this

Answer 20

contralateral rigidity

Question 21

clinical term that includes increased muscle tone and hyperactive stretch reflex

Answer 21

spasticity

Question 22

more than one contraction for a single stretch type of rigidity

Answer 22

clonus

Question 23

spasticity reflex when arm is flexed, we try to extend it

Answer 23

clasp knife reflex

Question 24

cp can be due to damage of these

Answer 24

motor cortex, basal ganglia, cerebellum

Question 25

most cases of cp is due to blank

Answer 25

early pregnancy from maternal health

Question 26

two treatments of cp

Answer 26

cut afferents to stretch reflex in dorsal roots, inject baclofen which inhibits stretch reflex

Question 27

parkinsons affects the blank and causes rigidity in these

Answer 27

basal ganglia, flexors AND extensors