Lec 8-6 - Reproduction

Question 1

these are present until 6-7 weeks and are bipotential but atrophy without testosterone

Answer 1

wolffian ducts (male structures)

Question 2

these grow unless they are suppressed by MIF

Answer 2

mullerian ducts (female structures)

Question 3

these secrete MIF

Answer 3

sertoli cells

Question 4

these secrete testosterone and are activated by LH

Answer 4

leydig cells

Question 5

female development is due to a lack of blank

Answer 5

hormones

Question 6

primordial germ cells do not enter meiosis in blank but they do enter meiosis in blank

Answer 6

females, males

Question 7

during puberty, sex hormone levels are blank

Answer 7

low

Question 8

during puberty, there is a night time pubertal blank surge

Answer 8

LH

Question 9

in males, this causes genetalia, musculature, growth spurt, larynx

Answer 9

testosterone

Question 10

in males, this causes sexual hair, sebaceous glands

Answer 10

dihydrotestosterone

Question 11

in females, this causes genetalia, breasts, pubic hair, fat distribution

Answer 11

estrogen

Question 12

sertoli cells are aka because they allow sperm development and are activated by FSH and high testosterone

Answer 12

nurse cells

Question 13

maturation of sperm takes this long

Answer 13

70 days

Question 14

primary follicle consists of an oocyte surrounded by blank and blank cells

Answer 14

granulosa, theca

Question 15

granulosa cells are female equivalent to blank cells and respond to blank and produce blank

Answer 15

sertoli, fsh, estradiol

Question 16

theca cells are female equivalent to blank cells and respond to blank and produce blank

Answer 16

leydig, LH, androgens

Question 17

oocyte completes first meiotic division at time of blank and second division at blank

Answer 17

ovulation, fertilization

Question 18

corpus luteum responds to blank and blank to produce blank and blank

Answer 18

fsh/LH, estradiol/progesterone

Question 19

during implantation, a placenta is formed and secretes blank which maintains blank and blank production from corpus luteum

Answer 19

hCG, estrogen, progesterone

Question 20

blank in placenta convert androgens to estrogens

Answer 20

aromatase

Question 21

onset of labor is triggered by these in sheep but we dont know in humans

Answer 21

cortisol, increased estrogen/progesterone ratio

Question 22

hormones in labor after the onset has already happened

Answer 22

prostaglandins, oxytocin, catecholamines

Question 23

prolactin inhibits this after giving birth

Answer 23

menstrual cycle

Question 24

estrogen is a blank antagonist

Answer 24

calcium

Question 25

menopause has a loss of blank due to losing theca and gruanulosa cells

Answer 25

estrogen, progesterone

Question 26

maternal anabolic phase (first half of pregnancy to start storing food for fetus) has blank sensitivity to insulin

Answer 26

increased

Question 27

maternal catabolic phase has accelerated blank and blank sensitivity to insulin

Answer 27

starvation, decreased

Question 28

placenta cranks out these hormones

Answer 28

progesterone, estrogen

Question 29

blank is responsible for the let down reflex of milk

Answer 29

oxytocin