ID 1 part 2 Flashcards by Nafi Dewan

B lactams

MOA cell wall synthesis inhibitor
penicillins
cephalosporin
carbapenems

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penicillins

Gram + but no gram - or MRSA or atypical activity
antistap penicillin MSSA
amino penicillin HNPE
aminopenicillin + betalactamase - MSSA, HNPEK GN anerobes (fragilis)
extended spectrum penicillins + beta lactamase- MSSA, HNPEK, fragilis, CAPES P.arginosa

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HNPEK

haemophilis
neiseira
proteus
e coli
klebsiella

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CAPES

citro
acino
providenci
entero
serratia

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natural penicillins

pen V potassium PO
Pen G (bicillin) IM

seizure
GI
SJS

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anti staph MSMA penicillin

nnafcillin IV
oxacillin IV

** no renal dose adjustments

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amino penicillin

amoxicillin
augmentin
ampicillin
unasyn

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extended spectrum penicillins

piper/tazo zosyn

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class effect of Penicillin

avoid in B lactam allergy
except in syphillis treatment during pregnancy and in HIV

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which penicillin is for acute otitis media

amoxcillin

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drug of choice for syphillis

PENG IM

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which penicillin is only effective against pseudomonas

zosyn

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cephalossporins

1st gen GP, PEK
2nd gen HNPEK
3rd gen HNPEK, pseudomonas
4th gen HNPEK, CAPES pseudomonas
5th gen MRSA, HNPEK

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1st gen

cepfazolin
cephalexin (keflex)

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2nd gen

cefuroxime
cefotetan

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3rd gen

cefdinir
ceftriaxone
cefotaxime

Ceftazidime

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4th gen

cefepime

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5th gen

ceftaroline

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cephalosporin combination

ceftazidime/avibactam
ceftolozane/tazobacatm

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class effect

pen allergy
seizure risk

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what are oral cefphalosporin

1st gen cephalexin
2nd gen cefuroxime
3rd gen cefdinir

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what are IV cephalosporin

1st gen cefazolin
2nd gen cefotetan, cefoxitin
3rd gen ceftriaxone , cefotaxime , ceftazidime
4th gen cefepime
combination cephalosporin
5th gen ceftaroline

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carbapenems

broad spectrum
covers all except MRSA VRE C diff
ertAPEnem no coverage for pseudomonaas , acino, enterococcus
do not use with penicillin allergy
seizure risk
IV only

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mono bactam

aztreonam azatam

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which is the only penicillin group that covers MRSA

5th gen cephalospoin ceftaroline

which penicillin covers atypical

none

which penicillin covers pseudomonas

carbapenem except ertapenem 3rd 4th gen cetaroline cant zosyn can

aminoglycoside

conc depednant renal damage otoxicity TBW for underweight adj for obese genta tobra amikacin

gentamicin and tobramicin peak and troguh

5-10 <2

amikacin peak and trough

20 <5

hartford nomogram

extended interval dosing 7mg/kg random level after 10 hours

quinolones

moa- DNA topoisomerase and DNA gyrase inhibitor conc dependant QT prolongation tendonitis peripheral neuropathy CNS effect seizures pneumonia, uti GI infections and travellers diarrhea

what are some quinolones

levo cipro moxi dela ofloxacin

cipro can be put throguh NG tube

FALSE

Moxi can be used for UTI

NOPE

AE of Quinolones

photosensitivty tendinitis peripheral neuropathy

what are some IV quinolones

moxi levo cipro dela

which quinolone has activity against MRSA

delafloxacin

which quinolone can be used for pseudomonas

cipro and levo

which quinolones are eye drops

cipro moxi ofloxacin

what are some drug interaction of quinolone

antacid polyvalent cations lanthanum carbonate hypokalemia hypo magnesimia

which quinolone can increase caffeine , theophyllin and tizanidine

ciproflox

which quinolone is not renally adjusted

moxifloxacin

IV ratio levo and moxi to PO

1:1

macrolides

moa- 50s ribosme inhibiting RNA protein synthesis azithro clarithro erythro excellent atypical coverage

what are atypicals

legionella chlymydia mycoplasma mycobacterium haemophilus gonorrhea

AE for macrolides

QT prolongation hepatoxic GI upset

clarithro and erythro should not be used with which drugs

statins

which macrolide used for gasteroporosis

erythromycin

which macrolide for chlymia mono and gonorrhea combination

azithromycin

which macrolide for Hpylor

clarithromycin

tetracyclines

moa - 30 s ribosome binding and inhibiting atypicals and uniqu pathogens doxycycline minocycline tetracycline

what are unique pathogens

ricettsiae bacillus anthracis treponema pallidum

what tetra cycline can be used in MRSA VRE and tick borne

doxycycline

which tetracycline preferred for acne

minocycline

which tetracycline does not require renal adjustment

doxycycline

what is the IV to PO ratio for doxycycline and minocycline

1:1

which tetracycline can cause DILE

minocycline

what are some AE of tetracycline

antacids lanthanum carbonate cyp3a4 inhibitors photosensitivity children <8 pregnancy and breast feeding

sulfonamides

moa- inhibition of folic acid sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim other than HPNEK it also covers shigella salmonella stenotrophomonas also opportunistic bacterias pneumocystis and toxoplasmosis no coverage on pseudomonas, enterococcus, atypicals or anerobes

AE of sulphonamides

sulfa allergy skin reactions G6PD defeciency photosensitivity