constipation and diarrhea\

Question 1

non drug tx for constipation

Answer 1

increase fluid intake
limit caffiene and alcohol
food with fiber

Question 2

drugs for constipation

Answer 2

bulk forming drugs
osmotics
stimulants
stool softners
lubricants

Question 3

bulk forming drugs

Answer 3

1st line
pregnancy
MOA absorb water in the intestines soaking up fluid

Question 4

osmotics

Answer 4

peg
milk of mg
glycerin
lactulose
sodium phos enema

large ions
drawing fluid from intestines

Question 5

stimulants

Answer 5

senna,
bisacodyl
used to tx chronic opiod

Question 6

stoolsoftners are given when

Answer 6

docusate
iron suppplement patients

Question 7

what are some bulk forming drugs

Answer 7

Psyllium (metamucil)
Calcium polycarbophil (fibercon)
methylcellulose (citrucel )
Whear dextrin (benefiber)

Question 8

what are some key points with bulk forming drugs

Answer 8

adequate fluids are required
AE- flatulence, abdominal cramping, bloaing

Question 9

what are some osmotics

Answer 9

MGOH (milk of magnesia
polyethylene glycol 3350 (miralax)
Glycerin
lactulose
sodium phosphates(fleet enema)

Question 10

what are some key points with osmotics

Answer 10

electrolyte impbalance
abdominal cramping
MG care with renal
Glycerin used in children

Question 11

what are some stimulants

Answer 11

senna (exlax, senokot)
bisacodyl

Question 12

stool softners

Answer 12

Docusate

Question 13

other drugs used for constipation

Answer 13

chloride channel activator
guanalate cyclase C agonist
peripherally acting mu opiod receptor antagonist (PAMORAs)
serotonin 5HT4 receptor agonist

Question 14

Lubiprostone

Answer 14

Amitiza
Chlorine channel activator
AE- nausea

Question 15

linaclotider

Answer 15

linzess
AE-diarrhea
do not use in pediatric pts

Question 16

peripherally acting mu opiod receptor antagonists

Answer 16

Alvimopan(entereg)
methylnaltrexone (relistor)
Naloxegol (movantik)
AE- risk of MI with longterm use

Question 17

5HT4 receptor agonist

Answer 17

prucalopride (motregrity
tegaserod(zelnorm)
AE- suicidal ideation, diarrhea

Question 18

laxative used for whole bowel irrigation

Answer 18

colonoscopy
polyethylene glycol(colyte, goLytely, Nulytely
sodium phosphates (osmoprep
Sodium sulphate, potassium sulphate and MG sulphate (suprep bowel prep kit

Question 19

Osmoprep should be avoided in

Answer 19

acute phosphate nephropathy
gastric bypass or stapling surgery
BW- nephropathy

Question 20

causes of diarrhea

Answer 20

milk -lactose intolerant
IBSD

Question 21

non drug tx

Answer 21

fluid and electrolyte replacement
oral rehydration solutions

Question 22

drug tx

Answer 22

bismuth salisylate- peptobismol
loperamide
mu receptor agonist

Question 23

anti diarrheals

Answer 23

bismuth
loperamide (immodium)
diphenoxylate/atropine (lomotil)

Question 24

antipasmodic

Answer 24

dicylomine (bentyl)

Question 25

peripherally acting mu receptor agonist

Answer 25

eluxadoline (viberzi) control

Question 26

what are the controlled substances used for diarhhea

Answer 26

diphenoxylate/atropine (lomotil) eluxadoline (viberzi)

Question 27

other meds for diarrhea

Answer 27

abx- rifaximin (xifaxan) serotonin receptor antagonist (alosetron (lotronex)

Question 28

bismuth

Answer 28

salisylate allergy reyes syndrome black tongue/stool tinnitis nausea risk of bleeding with anticoag/plat

Question 29

loperamide

Answer 29

4mg after first loosoe and then 2mg after each loose stool max 8mg/day constipation do not use >48 hours

Question 30

which med can cause anticholinergic effects

Answer 30

dicyclomine

Question 31

what drugs can cause diarrhea

Answer 31

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor donepezil antacids with MG ABX metformin, GLP colchicine laxatives misprostol mycophenolate protease inhibitor quinidine roflumilast MTX, irinetican , flurouracil metochlopramide , cisapride

Question 32

what drugs can cause constipation

Answer 32

antacids with Cal aluminum antidiarrheals clonidine colesevelam anticholinergic iron non DHP CCBs opioids sucralfate

Question 33

which drug is for short term use for constipation for ileus sx

Answer 33

alvimopan (enterag)