allergic rhinitis, cough and cold Flashcards
what is the 1st line of treatment for allergies
intranasal steroids
budesonide (rhinocort) 1 spray
fluticasone (Flonase) 1-2
triamcinolone (nasacort) 1-2
beclomethasone (qnasi) 1-2
mometasone (Nasonex) 2
B drugs in pregnancy
what are somee 1st gen oral antihistamine
** not very effective for nasal congestion
Diphenhydramine
chlorpheniramine
doxylamine
meclizine
hydroxicizine
2nd generation antihistamines
cetrizine - zyrtec
levocetirizine- xyzal
fexofenadine- allegra
loratadine- claritin
what are some intranasal antihistamine
azelastine- astelin)
olopatadine- patanase
what are some agents to fight congestion during allergy or cold
Alpha adrenergic agonists- cause vasoconstriction
** donot use with MAO and avoid in <2 years of age
phenylephrine - nasal works better but has a shorter half life and more AE than oxy
psudophedrine- can be used to make meth
oxymetazoline- afrin - use caution with BPH
what are some other allergy meds
cromolyn- nasal OTC not PRN safe for pregnancy and children
montelukast or singulair- leukotriene antagonist
ipratropium- nasal
immunotherapy
natural products for cold
zinc for 5-7 days long term can cause copper defeciency
vit C 1-3g/day
echinasia
what expectorants are used for cold and allergies
wet productive cough
- guaifenesin sometimes in combination with dextro
cough suppressants are used for dry or wet cough
dry cough
what are some cough suppressants
benzonatate
codeine
diphenhydramine
dextromethorphan
what is tussionex
chlorpheniramine/hydrocodone
brom fed
brompheniramine/psuedofen/dextro
what are some abrev of decongestants
D
PE
DM
AC
D= phenylephrine or psuedophedrine
PE= phenylephrine
DM= dextro
AC= codiene
cold vs allergy
symptoms last a week with cold
thick dark mucus
body aches
which are least sedating
fexofenadine
loratadine
