allergic rhinitis, cough and cold Flashcards
what is the 1st line of treatment for allergies
intranasal steroids
budesonide (rhinocort) 1 spray
fluticasone (Flonase) 1-2
triamcinolone (nasacort) 1-2
beclomethasone (qnasi) 1-2
mometasone (Nasonex) 2
B drugs in pregnancy
what are somee 1st gen oral antihistamine
** not very effective for nasal congestion
Diphenhydramine
chlorpheniramine
doxylamine
meclizine
hydroxicizine
2nd generation antihistamines
cetrizine - zyrtec
levocetirizine- xyzal
fexofenadine- allegra
loratadine- claritin
what are some intranasal antihistamine
azelastine- astelin)
olopatadine- patanase
what are some agents to fight congestion during allergy or cold
Alpha adrenergic agonists- cause vasoconstriction
** donot use with MAO and avoid in <2 years of age
phenylephrine - nasal works better but has a shorter half life and more AE than oxy
psudophedrine- can be used to make meth
oxymetazoline- afrin - use caution with BPH
what are some other allergy meds
cromolyn- nasal OTC not PRN safe for pregnancy and children
montelukast or singulair- leukotriene antagonist
ipratropium- nasal
immunotherapy
natural products for cold
zinc for 5-7 days long term can cause copper defeciency
vit C 1-3g/day
echinasia
what expectorants are used for cold and allergies
wet productive cough
- guaifenesin sometimes in combination with dextro
cough suppressants are used for dry or wet cough
dry cough
what are some cough suppressants
benzonatate
codeine
diphenhydramine
dextromethorphan
what is tussionex
chlorpheniramine/hydrocodone
brom fed
brompheniramine/psuedofen/dextro
what are some abrev of decongestants
D
PE
DM
AC
D= phenylephrine or psuedophedrine
PE= phenylephrine
DM= dextro
AC= codiene
cold vs allergy
symptoms last a week with cold
thick dark mucus
body aches
which are least sedating
fexofenadine
loratadine
which 2nd gen is safer in pregnancy
loratadine
cetrizine
common side effect of nasal antihistamine
nosebleed epixstasis
what antihistamine should not be used with maoi
phenylephrine and dextromethorphen
pseudophedrine
know the brand and generic for all
HIHI
under 18 which product to avoid
codeine
under 4 years what to avoid
OTC cough cold
under 2 years
avoid promethazine, menthol and otc
