Hypertension Flashcards
HPT stage 1 and 2
130–139 or 80-89
>140 or >90
what drugs can increase BP
amphetamines
cocaine
pseudophedrine
ESA- erythropoeisis stimulating agents
cyclosporine
NSAIDs
steroids
what natural products are used for HPT
fish oil
coenzyme
L arginine
garlic
goal for HPT
<130/80
what medication should be considered for AA pts
Thiazide or CCB
what meds should be considered for NON AA pts
thiazide, CCB, ACE/ARB
what meds are considered for CKD
ACE/ARB
what meds should be considered for diabetes with albuminuria with CAD
ACE/ARB
thiazide diuretic
chlortahlidone
hydrocholorothiazide
indapamide
metolazone
** AE- lowers K MG Na
increases CA LDL TG BG
not used in CRCL<30
take early in the day
Calcium channel blockers- Dihydropyridines
amlodipine (Norvasc)
nifedipine (adalat CC, Procardia)
nicardipine IV
clevidipine IV
** AE- PE, HA, flushing
Safest for HFrEF
nifedipine drug of choice for pregnancy
raynauds
CCB non-dhp
diltiazem cardizem
verapamil calan
** AE- edema
HF may worsen
ACE-i
benazepril
enalpril
lisinopril
ramipril
*** AE cough, hyperkalemia, increase SCR
teratogenic
ARB
Irbesartan
Losartan
Olmesartan
Valsartan
telmisartan
same as ACE less cough
DRR
aliskiren do not use with ACE
K sparing
spironolactone aldactone
triamterene
amiloride
eplerenone
Beta blocker Beta-1 selective
atenolol
esmolol
metoprolol
bisoprolol
*** do not dc abruptly
can mask hypo glycemia symptoms
use caution with raynauds
metoprolol IV is 1:2.5
BB selective blocker with NO
nebivilol bystolic
BB-1 and 2 non selective
propranolol
nadolol
timolol
- propranolol more lipophilic so CNS AE
BB and alpha-1 non selective
Carvedilol coreg
labetalol
** take coreg with food, dosing is not 1:1
labetalol drug of choice for pregnancy
Alpha 2 agonist
clonidine catapres
kapvay
guanfacine intuiniv
methyldopa
** do not dc abruptly
Clonidine patch is weekly
methyldopa preffered in pregnancy
methyldopa not good with MAO or hemolytic anemia
direct vasodilators
hydralazine
minoxidil
** can cause PE/ fluid retension
DILE for hydralazine
alpha blockers
doxazosin
prazosin
terazosin
*** should only be used with BPH and HPT
hypertensive urgency is
when there is no evidence of organ damage with 180>120
hypertensive emmergency is
when BP >180/120 and there is possible Organ damage
Urgency and emmergency when to use IV or oral
Emmergency use IV:
- metoprolol
- chlorthalizide
- labetalol
-esmolol
- propranolol
- clevidipine
- nicardipine
- diltiazem
- verapamil
- enalprilat
- hydralazine
- nitroglycerin
- nitroprusside
thiazide diuretics
hypercalcemia
increased uric acid
sexual dysfunction
photosensitiviy
ace
can retain potassium
nifedipine
profound hypotension
