Endocrine system Flashcards
Insulins MOA
- promotes cellular uptake of glucose (decreases blood glucose levels)
- converts glucose into glycogen and promotes energy storage, moves potassium into cells (along with glucose)
Insulins therapeutic uses
Glycemic control of diabetes mellitus (type 1 and type 2)
Insulins common insulin (high alert) rapid acting
- lispro insulin (humalog)
- Asaprt insulin (Novolog)
(listen to run your ass off)
Insulins common insulin (high alert) short acting
- regular insulin (humulin R, novolin R)
Insulins common insulin (high alert) intermediate acting
- NPH inslin (human N, novolir N)
Insulins common insulin (high alert) Long acting
Insulin glargine (lantus)
Rapid acting- lispero onset and peak
onset: 15-20
peak: .5-2.5
Rapid acting- aspart onset and peak
onset: 10-20
peak: 1-3
Rapid acting glulisine
onset: 10-15
peak: 1-1l5
short acting: regular insulin:
onset: 30-60
peak: 1-5
long acting: insulin glargine
onset: 70 min
peak: none
Long acting: detemir
onset: 1-2 hr
peak: 12-24 hr
regular insulin sq ac/hs order
sliding scale
lantus order
15 units sq hs
Insulins complications
- hypoglycemia
- hypokalemia
- lipohypertrophy- fatty tissues builds up at injection site
Insulins contraindications
low blood sugar
beta blockers
hide shymtoms of lows
Insulins nursing implications
- take blood sugar within an hour of giving insulin and as needed
- take insulin admin with meals depending upon onset of action
- roll vital between palms (discard after 1 month at room temp, 3 months refrigerated)
- select appropriate syringe/ needle for admin
- select appropriate site for sq injection
- rotate sites of sq injections
- diabetic education to its
- recognize hypo/hypergylcemia
Insulins pt. teaching
diabetic teaching for new diabetics:
- s/s of hypo/hyperglycemia
- carbohydrates and how to calculate their insulin needs
- how to check their blood sugar
- how to draw and give themself insulin, when it will kick in (onset)
- diabetic diet, snack
- what to do if their bs is too low/to high, sickness, skin checks, medical alert, medical alert Bradley
- importance of eating their whole meal if their received insulin
- if pt. is conscious and hypoglycemic, have them drink 4oz of juice and eat a complex carbohydrates
andotate
- use glucagon IM
- dextrose 50% IV to reverse serve hypoglycemia in a ot. that is unconscious
