antimicrobials: sulfonamides and trimethoprim antibiotics

Question 1

sulfonamides and trimethoprim antibiotics moa

Answer 1

inhibit bacterial growth by preventing the synthesis of a folic acid derivative, tetrahydrofolate
- folic acid is essential for the production of DNA, RNA, and proteins. They are also called antimetabolites

Question 2

sulfonamides and trimethoprim antibiotics therapeutic uses

Answer 2

Utis, otitis media, chancroid, pertussis, shigellosis, pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Question 3

sulfonamides and trimethoprim antibiotics common meds

Answer 3

• trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole
• sulfadiazine
• trimethoprim

Question 4

sulfonamides and trimethoprim antibiotics complications

Answer 4

• hypersensitivity (usually sulfate)
• blood dyscarasis
• crystalluria
• photosensitivity
• hyperkalemia

Question 5

sulfonamides and trimethoprim antibiotics contraindications

Answer 5

• folate deficiency

- caution with adults > 65 years who take ACE inhibitors or ARBs (risk or hyperkalmeia)

Question 6

sulfonamides and trimethoprim antibiotics interactions

Answer 6

• warfarin, phenytoin, sulfonylurea, oral hypoglycemics (glyburide specially has sulfa in it) (increased effects)

Question 7

sulfonamides and trimethoprim antibiotics nursing implications

Answer 7

• obtain specimens before starting antibiotic therapy
• assess for sulfa allergy
• monitor for ADRs, stop if they occur
• monitor potassium levels

Question 8

sulfonamides and trimethoprim antibiotics pt. teaching

Answer 8

• take as directed, and finish entire course, even if you feel better
• tell your provider if you develop fever, rash, or diarrhea
• use back up birth control methods