cardiovascular: ACE & Calcium blocker Flashcards
1
Q
ACE inhibitors MOA
A
cause reduction in the production of angiotension II by blocking the conversion of angiotension I to angiotension II and increasing levels of bradykinin
2
Q
ACE inhibitors
A
captopril enalapril fosinopril enaprilat lisinopril ramipril moexipril benazepril
3
Q
ace inhibiotrs onset, peak, duration, routes
A
onset: 15-60 min
peak: 60-90 min
duration: 6-12 hours
routes: PO, IV
4
Q
ace therapeutic effects
A
- vasodilation
- excretion of sodium and water, and retntion of potassium by actions in the kindeys
- reduction in pathological changes in the blood vessels and heart that results from presence of angtiotension 2 and aldosterone
5
Q
ace inhibiotrs are used for
A
hypertension heart failure mi neuropathy highrisk cardiovascular events - ramipril used to prevent mi stroke or death
6
Q
ace complications
A
- orthostatic hypotension
- cough
- hyperkalemia
- renal faliure
- hypersensitivity
- neutropenia
7
Q
ace contraindications
A
- pregnancy cat d
- hypersensitivety
- bilateral renal artery stenosis or pt with single kidney
- be cautious with kidney impairment pt and collagen vascular disease
8
Q
ace interactions
A
- diuretics- increase hypotension
- other hypertensitve
- meds that increase potassium
- lithium
- nsaids
9
Q
ace common side effects
A
hypotension diziness cough taste disturbance proteinuria adra
10
Q
calcium channel blocks moa
A
- dihydrophridines- block calcium channels in the blood vessels which leads to vasodilation of vascular smooth muscle (peripheral arterioles)
- non- dihydropyridine- block calcium channels in the blood vessels in the peripheral vascular smooth muscle and blocks calcium channels in the myocardium ( arterioles) to slow heart rate and conduction through av node (heart and peripheral)
11
Q
calcium channel blocks meds
A
nifedipine amlodipine felodipine nicardipine veramil diltiazem
12
Q
calcium channel blockers onset peak duration routes antidote
A
onset: Po- 30-60 min, IV 5-15 min Peak: varies Duration: varies Routes: PO,IV antidote: calcium, glucagon, insulin
13
Q
calcium channel blockers theraputic effects
A
lowers bp and hr, slows rate of conduction
14
Q
calcium channel blockers used for:
A
- angina pectoris
- hypertension
- cardiac dysrhythmias
15
Q
calcium channel blockers complications
A
- reflex tachycardia
- acute toxicity
- orthostatic hypotension
- peripheral edema
- constipation (veramil)
- bradycardia/ heart failure (non- dihydropridines
- dsryhythemuas (non-dihdrophridines)
