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BL/DD USMLE and Basics > DD-Inflammatory Skin Disorders > Flashcards

DD-Inflammatory Skin Disorders Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

to refer to spongiotic dermatitis, s nonspecific reaction pattern seen on skin biopsy

A

Dermatitis

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2
Q

Common skin disease which may begin at any age, however a majority begin before age 5.
Prevalence: 7-17.2% in children

A

Atopic Dermatitis

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3
Q

Atopic Dermatitis

Diagnostic Criteria

A

Itchy skin +Plus 3 OF:

History of involvement of skin creases (or face if pt < 10 yrs)

Personal history of asthma or hay fever (or FH of atopic disease if pt < 4 yrs)

History of dry skin within the last year

Visible flexural eczema (or face if pt < 4 yrs)

Onset under 2 years of age

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4
Q

The _____ mutation is asc. w/ Atopic Dermatitis leading to worsened Staphlyococcus aureus as a superantigen

A

Filaggrin

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5
Q

Atopic Dermatitis Infantile (Birth – 2 years)

Eruption is characterized by:

A

erythematous papules
redness
scaling and areas of lichenification

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6
Q

Xerosis means

A

Dry Skin

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7
Q

Number one skin disease globally

A

eczema

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8
Q

A general term that describes inflammation of the skin

A

Dermatitis

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9
Q

Non-immunologically mediated reaction resulting from a direct cytotoxic effect. Can be first exposure or many. No test for this

A

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

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10
Q

Allergic Contact Dermatitis Requires contact exposure of an allergen, immune response and development of _______

A

“memory” T cells

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11
Q

What is contact allergy?

A

Delayed type hypersensitivity reaction

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12
Q

Requires contact exposure of an allergen, immune response and development of “memory” T cells

A

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

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13
Q

Allergic Contact Dermatitis tends to be

A

itchy

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14
Q

Allergic Contact Dermatitis effects

A

the epidermis

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15
Q

Cellulitis affects the

A

dermis

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16
Q

Cellulitis feels

A

painful

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17
Q

Langerhans cells present allergen to

A

T cells

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18
Q

Elicitation of ACD caused by inflammatory cytokines including TNFa and_____.

A

IL-1

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19
Q

Contact dermatitis is determined by

A

patch testing

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20
Q

__________ present allergen to T cells

A

Langerhans cells

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21
Q

Elicitation of ACD caused by inflammatory cytokines including ______ and IL-1.

A

TNFa

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22
Q

When do you patch test?

A 
Patients with suggestive history
Patients with resistant dermatitis
Chronic dermatitis
Occupationally related dermatitis
Atopic eczema - flaring
Stasis dermatitis
Photo or airborne distribution
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23
Q

Top Contact Allergen

A

Nickel

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24
Q

Female
Younger age
12.9% nickel positivity in Denver children < 5 yr
30.4% nickel positivity (UCH Age < 18 years)
Ear piercing
14.8% with ears pierced: 1.8% without

A

Risk Factors for Nickel sensitivity

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25
Q

Unscented products may have a masking fragrance, therefore patients with fragrance allergy should use only _________ products.

A

fragrance-free

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26
Q 
Patients with suggestive history
Patients with resistant dermatitis
Chronic dermatitis
Occupationally related dermatitis
Atopic eczema - flaring
Stasis dermatitis
Photo or airborne distribution
these are all?
A

reasons to do a patch test

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27
Q

Risk Factors for Nickel sensitivity

A

Female
Younger age
12.9% nickel positivity in Denver children < 5 yr
30.4% nickel positivity (UCH Age < 18 years)
Ear piercing
14.8% with ears pierced: 1.8% without

28
Q

Nickel sensitivity is ____ in the US and ______ in Europe

A

raising in the US and declining in Europe

Europe regulates nickel

29
Q

Quaternium-15

A

most frequently causes ACD in the United States.

It is a fragrance

30
Q

Bacitracin and Neomycin are in _____

A

neosporin

causing ACD- delayed hyper sensitivity

31
Q

Drug Eruptions are another type of

A

acd delayed hyper sensitivity

32
Q

Usually begins 7-14 days after starting a new medication

Starts sooner in cases of receiving an “old” medication (i.e. inadvertent re-challenge)

A

Drug Eruptions acd delayed hyper sensitivity

33
Q

Exanthematous Eruptions/drug rashes are usually ____ in kids and ____ in adults

A

virus in kids and meds in adults

34
Q

Often also called ‘drug rash’ or ‘maculopapular eruption’ by non-dermatologists, this is the most common form of cutaneous drug eruption

A

Exanthematous Eruptions

35
Q

Stasis Dermatitis is always on

A

the lower legs

36
Q

Often seen in association with other signs of venous insufficiency of the lower extremities

A

Stasis Dermatitis

37
Q

Thick, scaly plaques with “lichenification” that result from chronic rubbing and scratching

Topical steroids are first line therapy

Antihistamines can be used for itching

Patients need to be counseled to break the itch-scratch cycle

A

Lichen Simplex Chronicus

38
Q

Common in patients with a history of leg swelling, varicose veins or a history of blood clots

Primarily found on the medial lower leg just above the ankle

Red in color with yellow fibrinous base

Borders irregularly shaped

They may be purulent if infected

A

Venous Stasis Ulcers

39
Q

Most often occurs on legs, but can appear on arms and trunk
More common in men age 50+
often from over use of soap
Also called Discoid Eczema

A

Nummular Dermatitis

40
Q

Stasis Dermatitis will present with

A

itching

41
Q

Cellulitis is usually not ____ and will spread

A

bilateral

42
Q

Round patches may be red, scaly and become crusty
Tends to be stubborn
Moisturization, minimize soap and topical corticosteroids are first line therapy

A

Nummular Dermatitis

43
Q

Cellulitis has

A

pain
swelling
increasing warmth

44
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis in neomates

A

Flaky,white to yellowish oily scale on scalp

Can become confluent with a thick scale covering most of the scalp

45
Q

Facial involvement is usually symmetric over the medial eyebrows, nasolabial folds and ears
Occurs in areas rich in sebaceous glands (scalp, face, ears, chest).
Characterized by flaky, “greasy” scales

A

Seborrheic Dermatitis in adults

46
Q

Seborrheic Dermatitis occures in areas rich in

A

sebicious glands

occurs near hair

47
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis is thought to be due to a combination of an over production of skin oil and irritation from a _____ called Malassezia furfur.

A

yeast

48
Q

Chronic Plaque Disease
Guttate
Erythroderma
Pustular Psoriasis

A

Psoriasis

Clinical Subtypes

49
Q

Psoriasis has a thick ____ scale

A

silvery

50
Q

A condition in which skin cells build up and form scales and itchy, dry patches. Takes a gentic predisposition and environmental trigger

A

Psoriasis

51
Q

Psoriasis

Clinical Subtypes

A

Chronic Plaque Disease
Guttate
Erythroderma
Pustular Psoriasis

52
Q

Persistent low grade inflammation favors the development of insulin resistance, obesity and metabolic syndrome

A

Psoriasis and Comorbidities

Metabolic syndrome patients have accelerated atherosclerosis due to inflammation

53
Q

Psoriasis and Comorbidities

A

cardiovascular disease

obesity

mi

54
Q

Psoriasis is treated with

A

anti inflammatory ir immunosuppresents

55
Q

**Stasis derm occurs on

A

lower legs

56
Q

**Seborrheic dermatitis occurs on

A

scalp

57
Q

**Atopic dermatitis occurs on

A

Flexor surfaces

58
Q

**Psoriasis affects

A

Extensor surfaces, may include arthritis

59
Q

Stasis dermatitis**

A

– lower extremity edema

60
Q

Seborrheic dermatitis Etiology**

A

– Malassezia furfur

61
Q

Atopic dermatitis Etiology**

A

– Filaggrin

62
Q

Irritant dermatitis Etiology**

A

– Common irritants

63
Q

Allergic contact dermatitis Etiology**

A

– Common allergens

64
Q

Associated with Asthma and Allergic rhinitis**

A

Atopic dermatitis

65
Q

Delayed type hypersensitivity reaction (Type IV); Diagnosis confirmed with patch testing**

A

Allergic contact dermatitis

66
Q

May be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease**

A

Psoriasis

BL/DD USMLE and Basics (55 decks)

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