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BL/DD USMLE and Basics > BL- OSTEOARTHRITIS > Flashcards

BL- OSTEOARTHRITIS Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

destruction of articular cartilage

proliferation of contiguous bone

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2
Q

Degenerative joint disease

A

a name for OA

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3
Q

degenerative arthritis

A

a name for OA

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4
Q

degenerative arthrosis

A

is a normal degenerative condition associated with aging. It affects mainly
cartilage which becomes rugged, irregular and worn out.

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5
Q

Osteoarthrosis

A

another name for OA

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6
Q

Osteoarthritis Symptoms

A

Joint pain/inflammation
decreased joint mobility
bony spurs

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7
Q

Symptoms of OA

A

pain with use, improved with rest
stiffness
rarely before 40
lack of systematic symptoms

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8
Q

Signs of OA

A

joint tenderness
bony enlargement
crepitance
swelling

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9
Q

Heberden’s and Bouchard’s nodes

A

Bony enlargement in the inter-phalangeal joint (distal and proximal, respectively)

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10
Q

OA deformities

A 
Heberden's and Bouchard's nodes 
Genu Varus
Squaring of the 1st carpometacarpal joint
Hallux valgus
c/l spine spondylosis
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11
Q

Genu Varus

A

bow-legged

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12
Q

Hallux Valgus

A

big toe bunnion

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13
Q

spondylosis

A

Degenerative change

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14
Q

In all OA studies, the relationship to_______is striking.

A

aging

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15
Q

Which population has the most severe OA disease

A

Women. Aging is biggest risk factor

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16
Q

Primary OA

A

no known inciting event

17
Q

Secondary OA

A

known event or disease caused the OA

18
Q

The joint in OA is grossly characterized by:

A

cartilage irregularities and “fissuring”

hypertrophy of bone adjacent to the joint

19
Q

Cartiallage consists of:

A 
Collagen 
Proteoglycans
Matrix Proteins
Chrondrocytes
Water
20
Q

Chondrocytes

A

synthesize extracellualr components

21
Q

Adipokines

A

cytokine produced by adipose tissue
low grade inflamation
Increases OA risk with obesity

22
Q

Predisposing factors to OA

A 
genetics
metabolic abnormalities
trama
inflammatory joint disease
Obesity 
Age
23
Q

Blood tests for OA

A

aggrecan, keratin sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate; type II collagen, link protein, and osteocalcin; cartilage matrix glycoprotein, and cartilage oligomeric protein (COMP).

COMP appears the most promising.

24
Q

OA treatment

A

metalloproteinase inhibitors, synthetic proteoglycans, and intra-articular injection of chelators to inhibit MMP.

25
Q

OA Xray would show

A

Asymmetric loss of cartilage - Bone touching bone
Bony spurs- prolifferative bone
Subchondral sclerosis

26
Q

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)

A

collectively cleave most if not all of the constituents of the extracellular matrix.

27
Q

Chondrocytes:

A

synthesize all of the important extracellular components
Proteoglycan
Collagen

BL/DD USMLE and Basics (55 decks)

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