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BL/DD USMLE and Basics > BL-SLE > Flashcards

BL-SLE Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Myasthenia gravis, Goodpasture’s syndrome, and autoimmune thyroiditis are examples of:

A

Organ specific autoimmunity

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2
Q

Strongest SLE genetic association:

A

C4 null alleles

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3
Q

Which antibody may be involved in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis? sle

A

Anti-double-stranded DNA (ds DNA) antibodies

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4
Q

Autoimmunity is defined as the generation of an immune response directed against

A

self

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5
Q

Organ specific autoimmunity is defined as an immune response directed against a:

A

single autoantigen or a restricted group of autoantigens within a given organ.

autoimmune destruction of only those organs expressing the relevant autoantigens.

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6
Q

SLE is a multigenic disease with a major _____contribution

A

MHC

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7
Q

The pathophysiology of SLE involves both Type _____antibody-mediated mechanisms.

A

II and III (2/3)

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8
Q

Both the ________immune systems are involved in the misdirected recognition of self as foreign in SLE.

A

innate and adaptive

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9
Q

SLE flares can be triggered by environmental exposures such as.

A

the sun

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10
Q

The ______ is a major target organ in SLE, and the extent of damage is directly correlated with overall patient outcomes.

A

kidney

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11
Q

The presence of _____ in SLE patients is a manifestation of loss of tolerance to self-antigen as well as a useful diagnostic marker.

A

high-titer ANA

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12
Q

Treatment of SLE is directed at decreasing exposure to disease triggers (sun blocks), decreasing the inflammatory response [NSAIDs, and corticosteroids], and decreasing the ______immune responses

A

cellular/humoral

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13
Q

_______, belimumab is approved for the treatment of SLE.

A

anti-B cell therapy

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14
Q

The presence of high-titer ANA in SLE patients is a manifestation of loss of _______as well as a useful diagnostic marker.

A

tolerance to self-antigen

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15
Q

Treatment of SLE is directed at decreasing exposure to disease triggers (sun blocks), decreasing the _____ [NSAIDs, and corticosteroids], and decreasing the cellular/humoral immune responses

A

inflammatory response

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16
Q

___________is defined as an immune response against multiple autoantigens rather than to autoantigens of a given organ.

A

Systemic autoimmunity

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17
Q

SLE is a ________ which affects multiple organ systems including the skin, joints, serosal surfaces (pleura and pericardium), kidneys, central nervous system, lungs, and hematologic system.

A

chronic, systemic autoimmune disease

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18
Q

SLE Criteria for disease classification include (11)

4 qualifies for SLE

A
  1. Malar rash
  2. Discoid rash
  3. Photosensitivity
  4. Oral ulcers
  5. Arthritis
  6. Serositis
  7. Renal involvement
  8. Central nervous system involvement (seizures or psychosis),
  9. Hematologic disorders
  10. Immunologic disorders
  11. Antinuclear antibody (ANA).
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19
Q

SLE is a disease primarily of the young women with a female to male ratio of _____, with onset after puberty reaching a peak during the childbearing years.

A

9:1

20
Q

Predisposing Factors SLE

Genetics

A

HLA-DR3; and C4A null alleles

Interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-β

21
Q

Predisposing Factors SLE

Environment

A

Sex hormones

UV exposure

22
Q

Specific antibody-mediated disease (Type II) of SLE

A

Hemolytic anemia
anti-Phospholipid antibodies
Central Nervous System Manifestations

23
Q

Immune complex mediated disease (Type III):of SLE

A 
Lupus nephritis
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA):
24
Q

Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are unusual antibodies, detectable in the blood, that have the capability of binding to certain structures within the _____ of the cells.

A

nucleus

25
Q

HLA-DR4 association

A

RA

26
Q

HLA-B27 association

A

AS

27
Q

HLA-DR3 association

A

SLE- (SLE is 3 letters)
*not the strongest
C4 null allele is better

28
Q

Shared epitope QKRAA association

A

RA

29
Q

SLE demographics

A

young white female

30
Q

Problem list for SLE

A 
Pancytopenia
Arthritis 
Alopecia 
Skin rash 
Photosensitive- malar 
Glomerulonephritis
31
Q

________ (AB) can cause drug induced lupus

A

Minocycline

32
Q

Why does SLE present with low RBC

A

autoimmune hemolyitic anemia (possibly)

33
Q

major groups of autoantibodies produced in SLE

A

ABs are targeting tissues (path) or nuclear content (marker)

34
Q

Anti-nuclear antibodies are a____ for SLE

A

marker

35
Q

ANTIBODIES AGAINST _____ ARE PATHOLOGICAL

A

TISSUE

36
Q

ANA test

A

a slide with cell w/ nucleus exposed

if ANA present, ABs bind the nucleus

AB that sees human AB with florescence tags added

if bound and light up, anti-nuclear antibodies are present

Repeat w/ dilution to determine + strength

37
Q

Lupus has ______ autoantigens

A

multiple

as opposed to like myasthenia gravis which is specific

38
Q

In serum sickness the antigen is:

A

Foreign

39
Q

In lupus the antigen is:

A

Self

40
Q

In SLE defective clearance of immune clearance/apoptotic cells- ______ is released and can be “seen” by immune system

A

DNA and RNA

41
Q

Interferon (IFN)-α and IFN-β upregulate the expression of a variety of genes in _______.

A

lymphocytes

*This “IFN signature” of gene expression is more prevalent in patients with active SLE.

42
Q

Basic problem of SLE

A

defective clearance of immune clearance

ineffective clearance of apoptotic cells

43
Q

Does SLE have x-ray features?

A

NO

44
Q

Environmental factors of SLE

A

Sun

Sex hormones

45
Q

SLE will have a _____ immunoflorescence

A

Lumpy Bumpy

46
Q

Goodpasture will have a _____ immunoflorescence

A

Linear

BL/DD USMLE and Basics (55 decks)

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