DD- Antiviral Drug Action

Question 1

Inhibition of neuraminidase (NA) activity in influenza A and B

NA activity necessary to untether virions for egress – if blocked, virions clump at cell surface. Dec viral infectivity

Inhibition of NA impairs viral penetration through mucin secretions. dec infection of other respiratory epithelial cells

Answer 1

Oseltamivir - Zanamivir

Question 2

Prophylaxis and treatment of influenza A infections – limited current use due to resistance

Answer 2

Amantadine - Rimantadine

Question 3

Nausea-vomiting and abdominal pain can occur (5-10%); decreased if taken with food

Headache, fatigue, and diarrhea also reported

Pregnancy category C

Answer 3

Oseltamivir

Adverse Reactions

Question 4

_______may cause insomnia, concentration difficulty, lightheadedness / dizziness, headache

Answer 4

Amantadine

Question 5

______better tolerated - poor CNS penetration

Answer 5

Rimantadine

Question 6

______ diffuses into cell where it is triphosphorylated by intracellular kinases

Answer 6

Acyclovir

Question 7

Long chain saturated alcohol that inhibits replication of many lipid-enveloped viruses (including HSV)

Physiochemically prevents fusion between cellular and viral envelope membranes blocking viral entry into cell

Answer 7

Docosanol (abreva)

Question 8

incorporated into replicating viral DNA strands–>slowing then ceasing DNA elongation

Answer 8

Ganciclovir - Valganciclovir

Question 9

Purine nucleoside analog - inhibits wide variety of DNA and RNA viruses - mechanism not completely understood

also may increase viral mutagenesis rates, ultimately leading to viral suicide

Answer 9

Ribavirin

Question 10

Indicated for RSV immunoprophylaxis in infants and young children with congenital heart disease

Answer 10

Palivizumab