BL - Immunodiagnosis Flashcards
To test the humoral arm of the immune system, we begin with:
serum protein electrophoresis
B cells in blood can be measured by counting cells with:
surface immunoglobulin
CD19 or CD20
The best overall test (for Th1 activity): skin test with common antigens to which most people
will have
DTH- Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity
Antibodies against autoantigens in the nucleus are best observed using human cells grown on a slide.
Antinuclear antibodies
(IgM anti-IgG) is detected by its ability to agglutinate latex particles if they
have been coated with IgG
Rheumatoid factor
Sample of serum in the fridge examined after 1 – 7 days for a precipitate;
this precipitate is called a mixed cryoglobulin, to distinguish it from the pure (monoclonal) cryoglobulin seen in multiple myeloma.
Immune complexes-Type III disease
can be used to identify antibody in a patient’s tissues (direct immunofluorescence) or in their blood (indirect).
Immunofluorescence
like IF, but uses a final antibody labeled instead with an enzyme, typically peroxidase, which produces a brown or black product.
Slides can be observed with an ordinary and archived
Immunohistochemistry
done in the HIV antibody screen, antigen is coupled to a plate, then the test serum is added; if there is antibody to the antigen it will bind. It is then identified using an enzyme-coupled antibody to the specific class of the expected serum antibody
Simple ELISA
If an antigen is at least divalent, the favorite technique is a sandwich or______
capture ELISA
obtain sets of tiny latex beads coated
separately with antibodies to 4 common bacterial culprits1. Add beads to a drop of the patient’s cerebrospinal fluid; if any agglutinate, it’s because they have been cross-linked by bacterial antigen that was in the CSF.
Reverse passive agglutination.
Small molecules, with only one epitope, can’t be measured in a ______
capture assay.
