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BL/DD USMLE and Basics > DD- Common Infections and Infestations of the Skin > Flashcards

DD- Common Infections and Infestations of the Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Acquired- breaks in skin/mucosa
20 million+ (US)
–Person-to-person contact
–Fomites

A

Human Papillomavirus

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2
Q

Human Papillomavirus

Virology

A

Non-enveloped double-stranded DNA

virus

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3
Q

Verruca Vulgaris

A

“Warts”
fingers/lips
From HPV

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4
Q

Vulgaris means

A

Common type

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5
Q

Verruca Plantaris

A

Wart on sole of the foot

From HPV

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6
Q

Verruca Plana

A

flat warts

From HPV

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7
Q

Diagnosis of warts

A

Clinical
• Biopsy
• In-situ hybridization

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8
Q

General ways to treat warts

A

Rev up immune system

Destroy the skin that has the virus

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9
Q

Pulse dye laser

A

Vascular Laser

Decreases blood flow to local area

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10
Q

Herpes Simplex Virus

Epidemiology

A

HSV-1- >90% prevalence by 2

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11
Q

Herpesvirus group virus locations

A

– HSV-1- lips

– HSV-2- genitalia

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12
Q

Varicella-Zoster Infection

A

> 90% of adults have VZV antibodies
Primarily spread by respiratory route
Highly communicable
Causes Chicken Pox

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13
Q

Acyclovir traets

A

herpes
front line rx
short half life

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14
Q

Chickenpox

A

Incubation period- about 14 days

– Fever
– Thin-walled vesicles
-New crops every 3-5 days
– Lesions in multiple stages of development

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15
Q

Herpes Zoster is caused by?

A

VZV!!!!!
-“Shingles”
Herpes only means grouped vessicles

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16
Q

Impetigo Epidemiology

A 
superficial bacterial
infection of children
• Acquired by person-to-person contact
• Predisposing factors- high humidity, cutaneous carriage, poor hygiene
* Strep or Staph
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17
Q

Streptococcal Non-Bullous Impetigo

A

Impetigo Contagiosa

  • “honey-colored” yellow crust
  • affects face
  • associated with acute post-streptococcal
  • glomerulonephritis
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18
Q

Staphylococcal Non-Bullous Impetigo

A

Frequently a secondary lesion of
superficial injury or dermatitis
yellow to ambercolored crust

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19
Q

Cellulitis

Epidemiology

A 
Increased susceptibility:
–Very young
– Elderly
– Immunocompromised
– Intravenous drug users
– Patients with chronic ulcers
Post-surgical complication
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20
Q

Cellulitis may show

A

lymph streaking

needs rx

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21
Q

Erysipelas

A

Cellulitis on the face

22
Q

Can you culture syphilis?

23
Q

Primary syphilis

A

Incubation- 10-90 days

– Inversely proportional to inoculum’s size

24
Q

*Secondary syphilis

A

Usually seen in clinic
Begins 4-10 weeks after onset of chancre
Diffuse body rash and of palm* and sole*
ORGANISM IS IN THE SKIN

25
Q

Chancre

A

Non-tender ulcer
• Indurated
• Heals- 3-6 weeks
• Lymphadenopathy

26
Q

Moth-eaten Alopecia

A

patchy alopecia

2a syphilis

27
Q

Dermatophytes

A

Fungus- They eat keratin (hair, skin, nails)

28
Q

Tinea Capitis

A

fungal infection on scalp
May look like a round worm
NO WORM

29
Q

Kerion

A

area of inflammation induced by the fungus

  • purulent
  • ABs will not work!
30
Q

Tinea faciei

A

fungus on face

scaly border

31
Q

Tinea Barbae

A

Fungus in the beard area (may be caused by shaving)

32
Q

Tinea Corporis

A

“ring worm”
central clearing
raised edge
NOT A WORM

33
Q

Majocchi’s Granuloma

A

Hair follicles infected by fungus

34
Q

Interdigital tinea pedis

A

Fungus on the foot

35
Q

Tinea Pedis Hyperkeratotic

*MOST COMMON

A

Looks like dry feet

36
Q

Tinea Manum

A

Fungus on the hand
Just one hand
Comes from the foot usually

37
Q

Two-Feet-One-Hand Syndrome

A

Tinea Manum + Tinea Pedis Hyperkeratotic

38
Q

Onychomycosis- Subungual

A

Nail fungus

39
Q

Onychomycosis means?

A

lifting of nail bed

40
Q

Positive KOH

A

Highlights the fungus

41
Q

Tinea Pedis- Topical Treatment with ______

42
Q 
Affects mucous membranes and skin
• Increased prevalence
– Diabetes mellitus
– Occlusion
–Corticosteroid use
–Broad-spectrum antibiotics
• Found as normal flora
*Preferred food source- glucose or serum
A

Candidiasis

Can cause all kinds of trouble

43
Q

Candidiasis are usually ______ unlike dermatophyte

A

inflamation

44
Q

Thrush

A

Candidiasis causing infection of the mouth

45
Q

More common in humid and warm
climates

Confined to post-pubertal patients

Primarily truncal “V SHAPED”

asymptomatic, tancolored, subtly scaly macule or patch

A

Tinea Versicolor

• Clinical variants
– Hypopigmented variant
– Folliculitis

46
Q

Scabies

A

A contagious, intensely itchy skin condition caused by a tiny, burrowing mite

Person to person contact

Inter-digit/ Genital common

47
Q

obligate ectoparasite of humans that causes pediculosis capitis.

Insects spending their entire life on the human scalp and feeding exclusively on human blood.

A

Head lice

*Very common

48
Q

Body lice is common?

A

in bad hygiene

49
Q

Creb Lice common in

A

adult sexually active males

50
Q

Head lice lay their eggs?

A

an inch away from the scalp on the hair

51
Q

Body lice live on the?

A

Clothing

Feed on the skin

BL/DD USMLE and Basics (55 decks)

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