DD- Common Infections and Infestations of the Skin

Question 1

Acquired- breaks in skin/mucosa
20 million+ (US)
–Person-to-person contact
–Fomites

Answer 1

Human Papillomavirus

Question 2

Human Papillomavirus

Virology

Answer 2

Non-enveloped double-stranded DNA

virus

Question 3

Verruca Vulgaris

Answer 3

“Warts”
fingers/lips
From HPV

Question 4

Vulgaris means

Answer 4

Common type

Question 5

Verruca Plantaris

Answer 5

Wart on sole of the foot

From HPV

Question 6

Verruca Plana

Answer 6

flat warts

From HPV

Question 7

Diagnosis of warts

Answer 7

Clinical
• Biopsy
• In-situ hybridization

Question 8

General ways to treat warts

Answer 8

Rev up immune system

Destroy the skin that has the virus

Question 9

Pulse dye laser

Answer 9

Vascular Laser

Decreases blood flow to local area

Question 10

Herpes Simplex Virus

Epidemiology

Answer 10

HSV-1- >90% prevalence by 2

Question 11

Herpesvirus group virus locations

Answer 11

– HSV-1- lips

– HSV-2- genitalia

Question 12

Varicella-Zoster Infection

Answer 12

> 90% of adults have VZV antibodies
Primarily spread by respiratory route
Highly communicable
Causes Chicken Pox

Question 13

Acyclovir traets

Answer 13

herpes
front line rx
short half life

Question 14

Chickenpox

Answer 14

Incubation period- about 14 days

– Fever
– Thin-walled vesicles
-New crops every 3-5 days
– Lesions in multiple stages of development

Question 15

Herpes Zoster is caused by?

Answer 15

VZV!!!!!
-“Shingles”
Herpes only means grouped vessicles

Question 16

Impetigo Epidemiology

Answer 16

superficial bacterial
infection of children
• Acquired by person-to-person contact
• Predisposing factors- high humidity, cutaneous carriage, poor hygiene
* Strep or Staph

Question 17

Streptococcal Non-Bullous Impetigo

Answer 17

Impetigo Contagiosa

• “honey-colored” yellow crust
• affects face
• associated with acute post-streptococcal
• glomerulonephritis

Question 18

Staphylococcal Non-Bullous Impetigo

Answer 18

Frequently a secondary lesion of
superficial injury or dermatitis
yellow to ambercolored crust

Question 19

Cellulitis

Epidemiology

Answer 19

Increased susceptibility:
–Very young
– Elderly
– Immunocompromised
– Intravenous drug users
– Patients with chronic ulcers
Post-surgical complication

Question 20

Cellulitis may show

Answer 20

lymph streaking

needs rx

Question 21

Erysipelas

Answer 21

Cellulitis on the face

Question 22

Can you culture syphilis?

Answer 22

nope

Question 23

Primary syphilis

Answer 23

Incubation- 10-90 days

– Inversely proportional to inoculum’s size

Question 24

*Secondary syphilis

Answer 24

Usually seen in clinic
Begins 4-10 weeks after onset of chancre
Diffuse body rash and of palm* and sole*
ORGANISM IS IN THE SKIN

Question 25

Chancre

Answer 25

Non-tender ulcer
• Indurated
• Heals- 3-6 weeks
• Lymphadenopathy

Question 26

Moth-eaten Alopecia

Answer 26

patchy alopecia

2a syphilis

Question 27

Dermatophytes

Answer 27

Fungus- They eat keratin (hair, skin, nails)

Question 28

Tinea Capitis

Answer 28

fungal infection on scalp
May look like a round worm
NO WORM

Question 29

Kerion

Answer 29

area of inflammation induced by the fungus

• purulent
• ABs will not work!

Question 30

Tinea faciei

Answer 30

fungus on face

scaly border

Question 31

Tinea Barbae

Answer 31

Fungus in the beard area (may be caused by shaving)

Question 32

Tinea Corporis

Answer 32

“ring worm”
central clearing
raised edge
NOT A WORM

Question 33

Majocchi’s Granuloma

Answer 33

Hair follicles infected by fungus

Question 34

Interdigital tinea pedis

Answer 34

Fungus on the foot

Question 35

Tinea Pedis Hyperkeratotic

*MOST COMMON

Answer 35

Looks like dry feet

Question 36

Tinea Manum

Answer 36

Fungus on the hand
Just one hand
Comes from the foot usually

Question 37

Two-Feet-One-Hand Syndrome

Answer 37

Tinea Manum + Tinea Pedis Hyperkeratotic

Question 38

Onychomycosis- Subungual

Answer 38

Nail fungus

Question 39

Onychomycosis means?

Answer 39

lifting of nail bed

Question 40

Positive KOH

Answer 40

Highlights the fungus

Question 41

Tinea Pedis- Topical Treatment with ______

Answer 41

Naftifine

Question 42

Affects mucous membranes and skin
• Increased prevalence
– Diabetes mellitus
– Occlusion
–Corticosteroid use
–Broad-spectrum antibiotics
• Found as normal flora
*Preferred food source- glucose or serum

Answer 42

Candidiasis

Can cause all kinds of trouble

Question 43

Candidiasis are usually ______ unlike dermatophyte

Answer 43

inflamation

Question 44

Thrush

Answer 44

Candidiasis causing infection of the mouth

Question 45

More common in humid and warm
climates

Confined to post-pubertal patients

Primarily truncal “V SHAPED”

asymptomatic, tancolored, subtly scaly macule or patch

Answer 45

Tinea Versicolor

• Clinical variants
– Hypopigmented variant
– Folliculitis

Question 46

Scabies

Answer 46

A contagious, intensely itchy skin condition caused by a tiny, burrowing mite

Person to person contact

Inter-digit/ Genital common

Question 47

obligate ectoparasite of humans that causes pediculosis capitis.

Insects spending their entire life on the human scalp and feeding exclusively on human blood.

Answer 47

Head lice

*Very common

Question 48

Body lice is common?

Answer 48

in bad hygiene

Question 49

Creb Lice common in

Answer 49

adult sexually active males

Question 50

Head lice lay their eggs?

Answer 50

an inch away from the scalp on the hair

Question 51

Body lice live on the?

Answer 51

Clothing

Feed on the skin