[B] 1.28 Disturbances in keratinization Flashcards
1
Q
Cytoplasmic filaments
A
Prekeratin
2
Q
Keratohyalin granula
A
- Autophagocytosis
- Granular formation
3
Q
Odland’s granules
A
Granula bordered by membranes
4
Q
In the hornifying epithelium
A
- In the skin
- Modified appendix of the epithelium
- Hoof & horn
- Forestomachs
- Oesophagus
- On pars oesophagica (stomach)
- Mouth cavity
- Differs btw. species
- On the back of the tongue
5
Q
Give the process of keratinisation
A
- Cytoplasmic filaments
- Pre-keratin synthesis
- Keratohyalin-granula
- Amorphic electrondens granula
- Odland-granula formation
6
Q
Disturbances in keratinisation
A
- Hyperkeratosis
- Hypokeratosis
- Rare
- Wasting diseases
- Starvation
- Parakeratosis
- Dyskeratosis
- Keratinisation of the str. spinosum
7
Q
Hyperkeratosis - Local
A
- Intense epithelial hyperplasia
- Intense keratinisation in the str. corneum
- Cornu cutaneum
- Hard pad disease
8
Q
Systemic hyperkeratosis causes
A
- Vitamin A deficiency
- Toxicoses: Chlorinated naphthalene
9
Q
Summarise the forms of keratinisation disturbances
A
- Hyperkeratosis
- Congenital - Acquired
- Local - Generalised
- Hypokeratosis
- Parakeratosis
- Dyskeratosis
10
Q
Characteristics of hyperkeratosis
A
- No desquamation
- Thicker superficial layer
11
Q
Local hyperkeratosis
A
- Mechanical cause
- Chronic inflammation/circulatory disturbance
- Malformation
- Trophoneuroticus disturbance
12
Q
Local hyperkeratosis:
- Mechanical cause
A
- Callositas
- Tyloma/ Callus
13
Q
Local hyperkeratosis:
- Chronic inflammation/circulatory disturbance
A
Pachydermia
14
Q
Local hyperkeratosis:
- Malformation
A
Cornu cutaneum
15
Q
Local hyperkeratosis:
- Trophoneuroticus disturbances
A
Hard pad disease
16
Q
Generalised hyperkeratosis
A
- A-avitaminosis
- Chloronaphthalene intoxication
- Biotin deficiency (turkey)
- Toxical floor (piglets)
-
Ichthyosis congenita
- Recessive genetical lethal factor
17
Q
Parakeratosis
A
- Hornifying layer thicker
- Nuclei still present close to the surface
- Skin oedema
- Chronic inflammation (skin & rumen)
- Zn-deficiency (Pigs skin)
18
Q
Parakeratosis - Cellular level
A
- Lack of granules
- Retained nuclei of epithelial cells in the stratum corneum
19
Q
Hyper- and parakeratosis of the rumen leads to…
A
Liver abscessation
20
Q
Steps of hyper- & parakeratosis of the rumen → Liver abscessation
A
- Hyper- & parakeratosis - Locus minoris resistenciae
- Colonising pathogenic bacteria
- Chronic inflammation
- Bacteria in the propria → V. portae → liver
- Purulent (pussy), ichorous and/or necrotising inflammation
21
Q
Dyskeratosis
A
- Keratinisation starts in the stratum spinosum
- Secondary lesion
- Rare
