[A] 1.18 Local oligaemia (ischaemia) Flashcards
1
Q
Ischaemia
A
Local inadequate blood supply
- General:
- Anaemia
- Hypovolaemia
2
Q
Physiological ischaemia
A
- Digestion
- Uneven distribution of blood
3
Q
Pathological ischaemia
A
- Compression
- Obturation
- Vasoneurotic disturbances
4
Q
Ischaemia compressiva
A
- Tympany (horse, cow, rabbit)
- Tumours
5
Q
Ischaemia obturativa
A
- Thrombus
- Embolus
8
Q
Vasoneurotic ischaemia
A
Angiospasm
CNS, cold, chemicals
9
Q
The consequences of ischaemia depends on…
A
- Degree and type of narrowing
- Time
- Type of tissue
- Collaterals (Lung, liver)
10
Q
How the tissue type alters the impact of an infarction
A
- End arteries → No anastomotic channel → Infarct
- Anastomotic arteries → Blood flow can still occur (Kidneys)
11
Q
Give the consequences of ischaemia
A
- Collapse/shock
- Necrosis:
- Infarctus haemorrhagicus
- Infarctus ischaemicus
12
Q
Infarction: Definition
A
Necrosis of circumscribed area of tissue due to acute ischemia
Vessels are obturated
14
Q
Ischemic infarction: End arteries
- Appearance
A
- Area becomes bloodless, necrotic
- Appearance:
- Pale grey, dry
- Margin of infarction is reddish
- The collateral vessels are full with RBCs
15
Q
Locations of ischemic infarction
A
- Kidneys
- Heart
- Spleen
- Brain
16
Q
Formation of the infarction
A
- Pale, swollen, no sharp edges
- Histochemical methods are needed for demonstration
17
Q
Haemorrhagic infarction
A
Double circulation
- In the necrotic area, the vessels are filled with RBCs
- Red (darker), dry
18
Q
Fresh infarction: appearance
A
- Cone shaped
- Pale
- Enlarged
- Sharp edged
- Cut surface is still moist
