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Pathology A - General Pathology > [A] 1.53 Serous, catarrhal, haemorrhagic and ichorous inflammation > Flashcards

[A] 1.53 Serous, catarrhal, haemorrhagic and ichorous inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

Serous inflammation: Overview

A

Mildest form of oedema

‘Serous’ = Resembling serum

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2
Q

Serous inflammation: Contents

A
  • Albumins, globulins, fibrinogen, lipids, cells
  • Enzymes, ions, mediators
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3
Q

Serous inflammation: Localisation

A
  • Serous membranes
  • Subcutis, submucosa
  • Parenchymal organs
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4
Q

Serous inflammation: Description of exudate

A
  • Usually clear, transparent, yellowish
  • Sometimes opalescent, turbid, coagulated
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5
Q

Serous inflammation: On the serous membranes

A
  • Pleuritis
  • Peritonitis
  • Pericarditis
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6
Q

Serous inflammation: Appearance

A
  • Fluid in the lumen
  • Petechial haemorrhages
  • Opaque patches, fine fibrin accumulation
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7
Q

Serous inflammation: Forms

A
  • Acute
  • Chronic (Thickenings, fibrin threads)
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8
Q

Serous inflammation: Skin (subcutis)

A
  • Vascular injection
  • Reddened
  • Swollen
  • Spreads to the subcutis
  • “Dough-like” consistency
    • Keeps the fingerprint
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9
Q

Serous inflammation: Subcutis & submucosa

A
  • ​Swellings in the skin​
  • Thickening, swollen, dough-like
  • Primary: Allergic & autoimmune dermatitis, photosensitisation
  • Secondary: Perifocal oedema around other changes
    • Infectious diseases, physical stimuli, abscesses
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10
Q

Serous inflammation: In the lung

A
  • Alveolar ducts are filled with exudate
  • Detachment of alveolar epithelium (Desquamatio)
  • Heavy, more solid, fluid flows on the cut surface
  • The early phase of various other forms of perifocal inflammation

No ventilation possible

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11
Q

Serous inflammation: In the liver

A

Serous hepatitis

  • Macroscopic changes:
    • Hepatomegaly, swollen, fragile
    • Granular surface (swine)
    • Cut surface becomes very moist
    • Perihepatitis, oedema in the gallbladder (Dog)
    • Histopathology:
      • Widening of the Disse spaces
      • Secondary regressive changes (compression)
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12
Q

Serous inflammation: Outcome

A
  • Easy regeneration
  • Leads to a more severe exudative inflammation
    • Sero-fibrinous
    • Sero-purulent
  • Chronic serous inflammation
    • Thickenings, villous growth
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13
Q

Catarrhal inflammation: Overview

A

Only in the presence of Goblet cells

  • Seromucous exudate
  • Contains mucin
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14
Q

Catarrhal inflammation: Appearance

A
  • Mucous membranes
  • Respiratory tract
  • GI tract
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15
Q

Haemorrhagic inflammation: Overview

A
  • Basic inflammatory feature - Erythrocytodiapedesis
  • Rarely seen independently
    • Sero-haemorrhagic
    • Sero-purulent-haemorrhagic
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16
Q

Haemorrhagic inflammation: Differential diagnosis

A

Haemorrhages

  • Asphyxia
  • Septicaemia
  • Toxicoses
17
Q

Haemorrhagic inflammation: Localisation

A
  • Mucous membranes (GI Tract & airways)
  • In organs (lung & lymph nodes)
18
Q

Haemorrhagic inflammation: Causes

A
  • Severe circulatory disturbance
  • Damage to the capillary walls
  • Toxicosis & infectious diseases
19
Q

Haemorrhagic inflammation: Appearance

A
  • Petechiae or large haemorrhages
  • Content of the organs becomes reddish
  • Haemorrhagic infiltration in the lymph nodes
20
Q

Ichorous inflammation: Overview

A

Most severe exudative inflammation

  • Starts with a necrosis
    • Putrefactive and proteolytic bacteria
      • Smelly gases
  • Exudation is also dominant
    • Infiltration is minimal
    • Circulatory disturbances, plasma leakage
21
Q

Ichorous inflammation: Appearance of the exudate

A
  • Thinner than pus
  • Smelly
  • Turbid
  • Greenish
22
Q

Ichorous inflammation: Location of formation

A
  • Inside body cavity
  • On mucous membranes
  • In an organ
    • Secondary wet gangrene (in lung(
23
Q

Ichorous inflammation: Susceptible individuals

A

Severe infection in a weak animal

24
Q

Ichorous inflammation: Types

A
  • Primary (TRP) or Secondary (metastasis)
  • Diffuse (phlegmon) or localised (abscess)
25
Q

Putrid ichorous inflammation would be found

A

On the mucous membrane

Pathology A - General Pathology (85 decks)

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