[A] 1.53 Serous, catarrhal, haemorrhagic and ichorous inflammation Flashcards
Serous inflammation: Overview
Mildest form of oedema
‘Serous’ = Resembling serum
Serous inflammation: Contents
- Albumins, globulins, fibrinogen, lipids, cells
- Enzymes, ions, mediators
Serous inflammation: Localisation
- Serous membranes
- Subcutis, submucosa
- Parenchymal organs
Serous inflammation: Description of exudate
- Usually clear, transparent, yellowish
- Sometimes opalescent, turbid, coagulated
Serous inflammation: On the serous membranes
- Pleuritis
- Peritonitis
- Pericarditis
Serous inflammation: Appearance
- Fluid in the lumen
- Petechial haemorrhages
- Opaque patches, fine fibrin accumulation
Serous inflammation: Forms
- Acute
- Chronic (Thickenings, fibrin threads)
Serous inflammation: Skin (subcutis)
- Vascular injection
- Reddened
- Swollen
- Spreads to the subcutis
- “Dough-like” consistency
- Keeps the fingerprint
Serous inflammation: Subcutis & submucosa
- Swellings in the skin
- Thickening, swollen, dough-like
- Primary: Allergic & autoimmune dermatitis, photosensitisation
-
Secondary: Perifocal oedema around other changes
- Infectious diseases, physical stimuli, abscesses
Serous inflammation: In the lung
- Alveolar ducts are filled with exudate
- Detachment of alveolar epithelium (Desquamatio)
- Heavy, more solid, fluid flows on the cut surface
- The early phase of various other forms of perifocal inflammation
No ventilation possible
Serous inflammation: In the liver
Serous hepatitis
- Macroscopic changes:
- Hepatomegaly, swollen, fragile
- Granular surface (swine)
- Cut surface becomes very moist
- Perihepatitis, oedema in the gallbladder (Dog)
- Histopathology:
- Widening of the Disse spaces
- Secondary regressive changes (compression)
Serous inflammation: Outcome
- Easy regeneration
- Leads to a more severe exudative inflammation
- Sero-fibrinous
- Sero-purulent
- Chronic serous inflammation
- Thickenings, villous growth
Catarrhal inflammation: Overview
Only in the presence of Goblet cells
- Seromucous exudate
- Contains mucin
Catarrhal inflammation: Appearance
- Mucous membranes
- Respiratory tract
- GI tract
Haemorrhagic inflammation: Overview
- Basic inflammatory feature - Erythrocytodiapedesis
- Rarely seen independently
- Sero-haemorrhagic
- Sero-purulent-haemorrhagic
Haemorrhagic inflammation: Differential diagnosis
Haemorrhages
- Asphyxia
- Septicaemia
- Toxicoses
Haemorrhagic inflammation: Localisation
- Mucous membranes (GI Tract & airways)
- In organs (lung & lymph nodes)
Haemorrhagic inflammation: Causes
- Severe circulatory disturbance
- Damage to the capillary walls
- Toxicosis & infectious diseases
Haemorrhagic inflammation: Appearance
- Petechiae or large haemorrhages
- Content of the organs becomes reddish
- Haemorrhagic infiltration in the lymph nodes
Ichorous inflammation: Overview
Most severe exudative inflammation
- Starts with a necrosis
- Putrefactive and proteolytic bacteria
- Smelly gases
- Putrefactive and proteolytic bacteria
- Exudation is also dominant
- Infiltration is minimal
- Circulatory disturbances, plasma leakage
Ichorous inflammation: Appearance of the exudate
- Thinner than pus
- Smelly
- Turbid
- Greenish
Ichorous inflammation: Location of formation
- Inside body cavity
- On mucous membranes
- In an organ
- Secondary wet gangrene (in lung(
Ichorous inflammation: Susceptible individuals
Severe infection in a weak animal
Ichorous inflammation: Types
- Primary (TRP) or Secondary (metastasis)
- Diffuse (phlegmon) or localised (abscess)
Putrid ichorous inflammation would be found
On the mucous membrane
