Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

A Level Sociology > 2.2 Feminists On Gender Inequality > Flashcards

2.2 Feminists On Gender Inequality Flashcards

1
Q

(Waves) what did the first wave of feminism focus upon? (1800-1920)

A

Equality in voting, divorce, education and work

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

(Waves) what did the second wave of feminism focus upon? (60/70s)

A

Sisterhood
Personal is political
Women’s liberation movement
Rise of radical, liberal and Marxist feminists

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

(Waves) what did the third wave of feminism focus on?

A

Varying experiences of women in class, ethnicity and sexuality
Individualistic
Rise of black feminism and intersectionality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

(Waves) what did the fourth wave of feminism focus on?

A

Online activism
Challenging sexism and discrimination
E.g. Everyday sexism project

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

(Liberal) gender inequality is due to what?

A

Gender role socialisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

(Liberal) what does Oakley say manipulation and canalisation do?

A

Dressing feminine or giving girls gender appropriate toys e.g. Kitchens
Teaches children the expected norms and values for their sex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

(Liberal) what reinforces the gender roles children are taught?

A

Media and advertising

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

(Liberal) who did sharp study?

A

Girls in London in the 1970s and 1990s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

(Liberal) what did sharp find about girls priorities?

A

Changed from marriage and children in the 70s to careers and education in the 90s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

(Liberal) what solutions do liberal feminists propose?

A

Change in socialisation

Change in legal policies to enforce equality

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

(Liberal) liberal feminists have caused what changes in legislation?

A

Equal pay act
Sex discrimination act
Maternity paternity leave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

(Liberal) criticism - what does Oakley assume?

A

Children are passive recipients of socialisation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

(Liberal) criticism - have all of the legislations worked?

A

No still a pay gap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

(Liberal)criticism - what would postmodernists say about gender?

A

Fluid it can change

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

(Marxist f) what does capitalism need?

A

Housewives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

(Marxist f) what are some of the ways capitalism benefits from housewives?

A 
Reproducing next gen of workers
Socialisation
Keep workers going
Safety valve
Reserve army of labour 
Reduce bargaining power
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

(Marxist f) what role do housewives play in socialisation?

A

Socialise next generation of workers into ruling class ideology to be submissive and obedient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

(Marxist f) how do housewives keep workers physically going?

A

Feeding and clothing them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

(Marxist f) how do housewives reduce men’s bargaining power?

A

Less likely to strike as they have a family to provide for and support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

(Marxist f) what does it mean that housewives are a reserve army of labour?

A

Hired and fired as and when needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

(Marxist f)what does it mean that housewives act as a safety valve?

A

Outlet for workers frustrations rather than men directing their anger at capitalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

(Marxist f) costa and James investigated whether housewife was what?

A

A role or a job

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

(Marxist f) costa and James accounted the cost of what?

A

Women’s services - cleaner, childcare, therapist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

(Marxist f) costa and James say housewives should be what?

A

Paid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
(Marxist f) what solutions do Marxist feminists offer?
Pay housewives - mean a massive redistribution of wealth | Revolution
26
(Marxist f) criticism - what do they overemphasise?
Class
27
(Marxist f) criticism - views on traditional housewife role can be seen as what?
Outdated
28
(Marxist f) criticism - over reliance on what solution?
Revolution
29
(Marxist f) criticism - radical feminists say focus on class detracts from what?
Real issue of patriarchy
30
(Marxist f) criticism - postmodernists say what?
Class is no longer important
31
(Radical) what is the source of women's oppression?
Patriarchy and the nuclear family
32
(Radical) millet said gender inequality is caused by what?
Men's physical strength | Women childbearing
33
(Radical) millet criticism - but now what do we have?
Machinery | Contraception
34
(Radical) Johnson - what is patriarchal terrorism?
Men using violence, threats and economic subordination to control women
35
(Radical) WHO - how many women experience domestic violence globally?
1/3
36
(Radical) Delphy and Leonard - what plays a major role in the oppression of women?
The family
37
(Radical) Delphy and Leonard - what control do men have?
Make decisions about allocation of roles | Have control of finances
38
(Radical) Delphy and Leonard - domestic work is seen as the responsibility of who?
Women
39
(Radical) what solutions do radical feminists offer?
Separatism Political lesbianism Abolish nuclear family Prevent domestic violence and abuse by changing attitudes
40
(Radical) criticism - they overemphasise what?
What separates men and women
41
(Radical) criticism - sexist toward who?
Men | Not all men are violent
42
(Radical) criticism - ignore what about women?
Experiences aren't all the same
43
(Radical) criticism - their views are what?
Outdated | Ignore changes in society
44
(Intersectionality) what does this look at?
How gender intersects with ethnicity, class, religion, age to cause inequality
45
(Intersectionality) criticise radicals for ignoring what?
Class and ethnicity
46
(Intersectionality) criticise Marxists for focus on what?
Class and not other factors
47
(Intersectionality) patriarchy does what?
Changes overtime and is different for different women
48
(Intersectionality) Walby said women experience what differently?
Patriarchy
49
(Intersectionality) Walby - what are some forms of private patriarchy?
Household Sexuality Violence against women
50
(Intersectionality) walby - how are women exploited in the household?
Expected to take responsibility for housework and childcare
51
(Intersectionality) Walby - how are women exploited in sexuality?
Double standard for men and women | Women are condemned
52
(Intersectionality) Walby - what is violence used to do?
Control women
53
(Intersectionality) Walby - what are some forms of public patriarchy?
Paid work Cultural institutions The state
54
(Intersectionality) Walby - how do women experience discrimination in work?
Restricted from careers due to ideology a women's place is in the home
55
(Intersectionality) Walby - how does the state affect women?
Operated in the interest of men | Weakness of laws protecting women
56
(Intersectionality) Walby - how do cultural institutions affect women?
Media reinforces patriarchal ideology representing women in a narrow range of roles
57
(Intersectionality) criticism - stacey says it overemphasises influence of what?
Social structure on experience of women
58
(Intersectionality) what does intersectionality improve on?
Other feminist perspectives | Incorporates social change and different aspects of each
59
(Criticism) Hakim preference theory - women are not the victims of what?
Unfair employment practices
60
(Criticism) Hakim preference theory - women have 3 what?
Choices or preferences
61
(Criticism) Hakim preference theory - what is the home centred choice and how many women choose it?
Family is main priority, choose not to work | 20%
62
(Criticism) Hakim preference theory - what is the adaptive choice and how many women choose it?
Women combine work and childcare | 60%
63
(Criticism) Hakim preference theory - what is the work centred choice and how many women choose it?
Focus on work and career | 20%
64
(Criticism) Hakim preference theory CRITICISM - ignores importance of what?
Patriarchy
65
(Criticism) Hakim preference theory CRITICISM - or is often employers attitudes that do what?
Confine women to the secondary labour market

A Level Sociology (90 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions