1.1 changing gender identities & evaluation

Question 1

what happens to gender roles and identities?

Answer 1

they change over time

Question 2

give an example of changing gender roles:

Answer 2

in the past a woman’s place was in the home, but now more women are working and building careers

Question 3

give an example of gender identities over-lapping:

Answer 3

ladettes

Question 4

what are ladettes?

Answer 4

girls behaving like boys, adopting masculine norms and values e.g drinking, swearing

Question 5

Jackson found some ladettes spent time drinking, smoking, swearing and disrupting lessons for fear of what?

Answer 5

being labelled uncool

Question 6

increases in female risk taking behaviour is mirrored in what?

Answer 6

rising crime rates for women

Question 7

why is the extent to which lads and ladettes represent a true picture of young people questionable?

Answer 7

media might overexaggerate these descriptions to attract interest and sell products

Question 8

masculinity varies overtime e.g in the 1980s some claimed what had emerged in Britain?

Answer 8

the “new men”

Question 9

what were the new men?

Answer 9

non sexist
non aggressive
sensitive
considerate

Question 10

masculinity varies overtime e.g.in the 1990s the yobbish lads appeared what were they like?

Answer 10

laddish behaviour having a good time through sport and drink

Question 11

fashion is an area where what is happening?

Answer 11

overlapping gender identities

Question 12

traditionally fashion was associated with who? what did real men not do?

Answer 12

fashion was associated with women

men didn’t care about how they dressed

Question 13

Mort highlighted the emergence of what?

Answer 13

the metrosexual man

Question 14

what are metrosexual men? (mort)

Answer 14

heterosexual men who are concerned with their image, personal grooming and designer products

Question 15

Connell argues there are a range of gender identities but the hegemonic one is what?

Answer 15

most common and strongly reinforced

Question 16

connells argument provides evidence for what?

Answer 16

gender identities not changing

Question 17

traditional w/c men had a strong what? from where?

Answer 17

masculine identity

from the hard and dangerous jobs

Question 18

disappearing traditional w/c jobs leads to what?

Answer 18

loss of self esteem and status

Question 19

Mac and Ghaill provide evidence against changing gender identities with the crisis of masculinity what is this?

Answer 19

men react to loss of traditional w/c jobs a source of masculine identity, by exaggerating masculine values e.g. violence and sexism

Question 20

Evaluation: men and womens experiences vary greatly in socialisation, what factors other than gender can affect this?

Answer 20

ethnicity
class
age

Question 21

Evaluation: socialisation assumes people are passive and are controlled by socialisation ignoring what?

Answer 21

many men and women resist stereotypes

Question 22

Evaluation: what do postmodernists see as the key factor in defining and shaping identity?

Answer 22

consumption and leisure