1.1 Age & Identity

Question 1

sociologists look at age as being what?

Answer 1

socially constructed

Question 2

as age is socially constructed what are there expected of people in an age group?

Answer 2

certain norms of behaviour

Question 3

what 4 age groupings are there in society?

Answer 3

childhood
youth
middle age
old age

Question 4

(criticisms) some argue youth culture is just what?

Answer 4

a media creation

Question 5

(criticisms) as opposed to being rebellious as they are portrayed, what are most youths?

Answer 5

conformists who get along with their parents

Question 6

(support) old age is a homogenous category associated with what?

Answer 6

dependency and loneliness

Question 7

(support) youth is a time associated with what?

Answer 7

growing up
rebelling
fun
excitement

Question 8

(criticisms) what is most powerful for all groups as sources of identity?

Answer 8

class, gender, ethnicity above age

Question 9

childhood is what?

Answer 9

socially constructed

Question 10

in the UK how is childhood seen?

Answer 10

time of innocence and dependence

Question 11

(childhood) in some countries what will children be doing at age 12/13?

Answer 11

working, fighting as soldiers or getting married

Question 12

(childhood) how does the UK have a contradictory view of children?

Answer 12

portrayed as little angels but little devils

Question 13

Gardner et al parents are choosing to do what now compared to 25 years ago?

Answer 13

spend more time with their children

Question 14

Gardner et al - what are parents increasingly concerned about? and how are they reacting?

Answer 14

perceived risks their kids are exposed to

responding with increased monitoring and control

Question 15

Frank Furedi refers to parents increased monitoring as what?

Answer 15

paranoid parenting

Question 16

(youth subcultures) Functionalists think youth subcultures help young people, how?

Answer 16

offering collective support of a peer group while trying to find themselves

Question 17

(youth subcultures) clothes, music and hair styles become what in youth subcultures?

Answer 17

symbols of resistance

Question 18

(youth subcultures) Marxists argue youth subcultures express deviant behaviour as a form of what?

Answer 18

resistance and rebellion against wider society

Question 19

(youth subcultures) what does Jefferson say youth subcultures are a way of?

Answer 19

hitting back at society

Question 20

(youth subcultures) postmodernists look at what regarding youth identities?

Answer 20

increasing diversity

Question 21

(youth subcultures) Postmodernists say old youth identities are fading and young people follow lifestyles based on what?

Answer 21

their individual taste and choices

Question 22

(youth subcultures) what do youths have the option of choosing from according to postmodernist, polhemus?

Answer 22

a supermarket of style

Question 23

Postmodernists admit there are still some recognisable subcultures e.g goths, but what do they say about them?

Answer 23

Short lived

Question 24

Postmodernists say most young people chose what type of approach to style?

Answer 24

Pick n mix

Question 25

(Youth identity) Sewell found African-Caribbean boys formed their youth identity where?

Answer 25

In school

Question 26

(Youth identity) Sewell found a minority of boys formed what type of identity?

Answer 26

Rebel identity resistant to school and wider society

Question 27

(Youth identity) Sewell- what did the rebels project an image of?

Answer 27

Aggressive masculinity

Question 28

(Youth identity) Sewell - the Rebels drew on what culture and how was this expressed?

Answer 28

Black street culture

Arriving at school with patterns in their hair

Question 29

(Youth identity) Sewell- how did the schools respond to the hairstyles of the rebels?

Answer 29

Banned patterns but still allowed white boys to wear ponytails

Question 30

(Youth identity) Sewell - what was the banning of patterns seen as? What did it lead to?

Answer 30

Lack of respect

Aggressive response from rebels

Question 31

(Youth identity) how are youths presents in the media?

Answer 31

Deviant and troublesome

Question 32

(Youth identity) what are the media largely responsible for?

Answer 32

Creation of youth culture and identity

Question 33

(Youth identity) through the media e.g music, adverts what association has been made?

Answer 33

Style and youth

Question 34

(Youth identity) Cohen says young people are demonised by the media how?

Answer 34

They try to create moral panics about activities of young people

Question 35

(Youth identity) peer group - what does mcrobbie argue about girls subcultures?

Answer 35

Less obviously rebellious than boys

Question 36

(Youth identity) peer group - why does mcrobbie describe girls as having a bedroom subculture?

Answer 36

Involves girls spending time in their rooms with friends as opposed to out on the street - listening to music, doing makeup

Question 37

(Youth identity) what is a criticism of mcrobbies peer group study?

Answer 37

Outdated - gender identities have changed

Question 38

(old age identity) how do old people have a stigmatised identity?

Answer 38

ageism - old people are seen as past it and are negatively labelled

Question 39

(old age identity) society encourages us to celebrate youth, whilst making old age be seen as what?

Answer 39

something to be pitied or feared

Question 40

(old age identity) Sontag suggests there is a double standard of ageing, how?

Answer 40

women are required to stay young but men are allowed to visibly age e.g. silver fox

Question 41

(old age identity) Featherstone & Hepworth say many old people are forced to wear what?

Answer 41

the mask of old age

Question 42

(old age identity) Featherstone & Hepworth - what is the mask of old age?

Answer 42

expected to act like the stereotypes e.g. middle aged grandparents may be under pressure to take on the role of elderly grandparents e.g. knitting

Question 43

(old age identity) Featherstone & Hepworth say increasing numbers of old people are refusing to do what?

Answer 43

act in accord with the stereotypes they go on exotic holidays and enjoy extreme sports

Question 44

(old age identity) how are Britain’s pensioners split into 2 nations?

Answer 44

working class - old age means poverty
middle class have good pensions and can continue their leisure pursuits in old age to reject stereotypes