Water/Weak Acids/Buffer Flashcards

1
Q

Saliva is a …

A

BUFFER
saliva is a buffer, and then they composed of water

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2
Q

what are the bonds and how do they rank?

A

Strongest—

Ionic: complete electron transfer

Covalent: electron sharing

Metallic: electrons become delocalized

Weakest—

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3
Q

Polar, nonpolar, and amphipathic

A

Polar: uneven distribution of electrons (H-Cl, H-O-H)

Nonpolar: even distribution of electrons (N=-N, O=C=O)

Amphipathic: mix of polar and nonpolar (phospholipid membranes)

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4
Q

water is known as the …

A

Universal solvent

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5
Q

Water bond angels

A

104.5

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6
Q

What bonds are involved in water molecules

A

Hydrogen bonding

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7
Q

what does water not dissolve?

A

Organic compounds

nonpolar molecules (bc water is polar)

amphipathics

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8
Q

other properties of water

A

Polar covalent
Dipole moment (neg and pos)
Dissolves salt

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9
Q

buffers

A

Common weak acids/buffers:

Acetic acid 3.6-5.6

Oxalic acid

*Carbonic acid 7.35-7.45
—blood: maintains pH

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10
Q

Dissociation constant

A
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11
Q

saliva composition

A

Water
Minerals
Proteins
Organic compounds

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12
Q

Saliva pH range

A

6.2-7.6

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13
Q

Buffering capacity on saliva

A

Protein
Phosphate
Carbonate

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14
Q

What impacts salivary flow

A

Sjorgrens syndrome
Medications
Radiation

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15
Q

Sjorgrens syndrome

A

Genetic disorder that negative impacts the mucous membrane

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16
Q

Enamel demineralization starts at …

A

5.5 pH

17
Q

van der waals forces

A

weak short-range forces of two atoms

distance dependent

neutral/uncharged molecules

18
Q

what bond has these: weak, forms lattice in ice, charge distribution (angles of bonds changes strength)

A

hydrogen bonds

19
Q

weak acids

A

tendency for dissociation to H+ and A-

partially dissociate

20
Q

GERD, Bulimia, Hyperemesis, Gastroparesis will affect what in saliva?

A

acidity changes

21
Q

ph of stomach acid

A

1.5-3.5

22
Q

waters structure is ___ and forms ____ bonds

A

bent and forms hydrogen bonds

23
Q

weak acids form good ____ with their conjugate bases

A

buffers