Digestive System Flashcards
lining of digestive system
parietal peritoneum
mesentery
visceral peritoneum
what connects the parietal peritoneum and the visceral peritoneum?
mesentery
the greater/lesser omentum defines what two spaces on the abdomen?
greater sac
lesser sac (omental bursa)
greater omentum and lesser omentum are components of the ______
mesentery
greater omentum of the ______ border of the stomach to the transverse colon
inferior
*drapes over the rest of the GI tract
label:
parietal peritoneum
visceral peritoneum
mesentery (greater/lesser omentum)
all the components of the peritoneal cavity
parietal peritoneum
visceral peritoneum
mesentery (greater/lesser omentum)
mesentery formation sets up three classes of organs:
- intraperitoneal - covered in the peritoneum, associated with mesentery
- secondary retroperitoneal - originates within but merges back behind peritoneum (parts of the gut tube)
- primary retroperitoneal - develops and stays behind (retro) the peritoneum (kidney)
peritoneal organs are …
covered in peritoneum and has mesentery attached to it
what are the peritoneal organs?
stomach
small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum)
spleen
liver
gallbladder
appendix
some large intestine (transverse, sigmoid)
is the duodenum a peritoneal organ?
YES
only the first part is peritoneal
the rest is secondary retroperitoneal
what are the primary retroperitoneal organs?
kidneys
supra renal (adrenal) glands
retro means…
behind
primary retroperitoneal organs never enter the cavity during development, they stay ______ the peritoneal cavity
behind (retro)
what are the secondary retroperitoneal organs?
duodenum (descending, horizontal, some ascending)
pancreas
colon (ascending and descending)
rectum
function of the stomach
primarily digestion (proteases)
some absorption
sections of the stomach
duodenum
there are four sections of the duodenum. what sections are secondary retroperitoneal?
section 2-4
section 1 is peritoneal (has mesentery)
where does the gall bladder enter the digestive system?
duodenum
major duodenal pailla only
where does the pancreas enter the digestive system?
duodenum
major and minor duodenal papilla
gallbladder
storage and concentration of bile (lipid digestion)
pancreas
bicarbonate (acid neutralization)
enzymes (digestion)
liver
breakdown of food (production of bile, hormones, enzymes, etc)
filtering of blood (absorbs nutrients from the gut tube)
pancreas has two function classes:
endocrine: released directly into the bloodstream (reg. blood sugar - insulin)
exocrine: released through ducts into body surfaces (digestion and acid neutralization - enzymes/bicarbonate)
what three structures travel together through the hepatoduodenal ligament?
bile duct
portal vein
proper hepatic artery
top: minor duodenal papilla
bottom: major duodenal papilla (ampulla of Vater)