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Human Form & Function > Respiratory System > Flashcards

Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Each lung is located within a …

A

Pleural Sac

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2
Q

Pleural sacs occupy most of the _____ cavity

A

Thoracic

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3
Q

Pleural sac contains the … (4)

A

Parietal pleura
Visceral pleura
Pleural space/fluid
Lung

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4
Q

Is the lung tissue in the pleural sac?

A

No
The lung tissue simple pushed in the side of the pleural sac and is covered by serous membrane

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5
Q

Parietal pleura and regions

A

Forms the outside of the pleural sac
Cervical
Costal
Mediastinal
Diaphragmatic

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6
Q

Parietal pleura is innervated by

A

Somatic sensory nerves
— intercostal nerves
— phrenic nerves (diaphragmatic)

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7
Q

Visceral pleura is innervated by

A

Visceral sensory nerves

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8
Q

Visceral pleura is on the outside/inside of the parietal pleura?

A

Inside
Continuous with parietal pleura (closer to lungs)

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9
Q

Pleural space is between ___ & ___

A

Parietal and visceral pleura

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10
Q

Pleural fluid is in the ____
What does the fluid do?

A

In pleural space (between parietal and visceral pleura)
It lubricates gliding movements of lungs

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11
Q

pleural fluid surface tensions keeps ____ ____

A

Keeps lungs open
Negative pressure keeps lungs inflated

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12
Q

Pneumothorax?

A

Air in chest cavity

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13
Q

Pleural recesses

A

Pleural fluid accumulates
Lungs expand into recess during deep breath

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14
Q

What is the main purpose of lungs?

A

Bring air into contact with blood

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15
Q

Surfaces of lungs

A

Apex
Costal
Mediastinal
Diaphragmatic

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16
Q

How many lobes/fissures in each lung?

A

Right lung:
— 3 lobes
— 2 fissures

Left lung:
— 2 lobes
— 1 fissure

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17
Q

Airways (4)

A

Trachea
Primary bronchi
Secondary bronchi
Tertiary bronchi

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18
Q

Hilum of lung: how many different blood supplies

A

Two
Pulmonary arteries/veins (alveoli)
Bronchial arteries/veins (bronchial tree)

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19
Q

Innervation of the lungs (parasympathetic)

A

Bronchoconstriction
Gland secretion

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20
Q

Innervation of the lung (sympathetic)

A

Bronchodilation

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21
Q

Boyle’s law

A

Pressure varies inversely with volume

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22
Q

Inspiration

A

Inhale
Diaphragm contracts
Thoracic wall gets bigger

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23
Q

Accessory respiratory muscles

A

Intercostal muscles
Scalene muscles
Sternocleidomastoid
Serratus anterior

24
Q

Expiration

A

Breathe out
Diaphragm relaxes
Thoracic walls gets smaller

25
Q

Inspiration alveoli

A

Alveoli and airways get bigger and the elastic tissue stretches

26
Q

Expiration alveoli

A

Relaxation of elastic tissue recoils alveoli and airways go back to resting position

27
Q

Inspiration Boyle’s law

A

Volume increases
Pressure decreases

Lungs expand

28
Q

Expiration Boyle’s law

A

Volume decreases
Pressure increases

Lungs shrink

29
Q
A

2

Right lungs: 3 lobes, 3 2° bronchi

30
Q

label:
terminal bronchiole
bronchiole
alveolar sac
bronchus
respiratory bronchiole

A
31
Q

label:
respiratory bronchiole
alveolar duct
terminal bronchiole

A
32
Q

where is the respiratory zone?

A
33
Q

where is the conducting zone?

A
34
Q

difference between bronchus and bronchiole?

A

bronchus: cartilage

35
Q
A
36
Q

trachea

A
37
Q

1° right and left bronchus

A
38
Q

2° R/L bronchus

A
39
Q

3° R/L broncus

A
40
Q

bronchopulmonary segment

A

subdivision of lobe
supplied by:
3° bronchi
pulmonary artery/vein

41
Q
A
42
Q
A

3

43
Q
A
44
Q

does the diaphragm move up or down during contraction?

A

down

45
Q

does the diaphragm move up or down during relaxation?

A

up

46
Q

does thoracic volume inc/dec when relaxed?
does thoracic volume inc/dec when contracted?

A

relaxed diaphragm (up): decrease in volume

contracted diaphragm (down): increase in volume

47
Q
A

phrenic nerve (C3-5)

48
Q

what nerve innervates the diaphragm?

A

phrenic nerve (C3-5)

49
Q
A

visceral pleura
* to the left (dark space) is the pneumothorax (air in chest cavity - pleural space)

50
Q
A

R 2° bronchus (inferior lobe)

51
Q
A

VAGUS

parasympathetic –> bronchoconstriction
parasympathetic nerve is VAGUS

Blocking the vagus nerve will stop parasymp from causing bronchoconstriction and open airways

52
Q
A
53
Q
A
54
Q
A

D is not like the others

55
Q
A
56
Q
A

B

Human Form & Function (36 decks)

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