Carbohydrates

Question 1

Glycosaminoglycans

Answer 1

GAGS
Cell signaling, growth, adhesion, wound repair
N-linked
HEPARIN- anticoagulation
glucosamine & galactosamine

Question 2

Carbohydrates role

Answer 2

Nutrition and energy
ATP is a phosphorylated derivative of a carb

Question 3

Structure of a carb

Answer 3

Carbon backbone
Hydroxyl group
Carbonyl (reactive)
*forms a ring

Question 4

Monosaccharide

Answer 4

Single sugar
*6C and 5C form rings
Glucose (6C)
Fructose (6C)
Galactose (6C)
Ribose (5C)
Glyceraldehyde (3C)

Question 5

Disaccharide

Answer 5

Two sugar
Hydroxyl groups are sites of reaction
Water is released (condensation)
Bonds are on 1,4,6 carbon

Lactose: galactose and glucose
Maltose: glucose and glucose
Sucrose: glucose and fructose

Question 6

Polysaccharide

Answer 6

Multi sugars

Glycogen: 1,4 alpha with branching(every 10). Helix.

Amylose: 1,4 alpha NO branching. Helix.

Cellulose: 1,4 beta. Straight chains. Cannot digest.

1,4,6 carbons are typical linkages

Question 7

Alpha vs Beta

Answer 7

Alpha: U shaped
Beta: criss cross

Question 8

Glycoproteins

Answer 8

O-linked: serine/threonine hydroxyl
N-linked: asparagine amine

Sugar+aminoacid

Question 9

why do carbohydrates matter in dentistry?

Answer 9

Carbs feed bacteria in oral cavity

Nutrition counseling