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Human Form & Function > pharynx/larynx > Flashcards

pharynx/larynx Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

constrictor muscles of the pharynx

A

superior pharyngeal constrictor
middle pharyngeal constrictor
inferior pharyngeal constrictor

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3
Q

superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle attachments

A

Anterior Attachments
* Pterygomandibular Raphe (with Buccinator muscle)
* Pterygoid Hamulus of the Medial Pterygoid Plate
* Side/base of tongue and posterior mandible behind mylohyoid line

Posterior Attachments
* Pharyngeal Raphe
* Pharyngeal Tubercle on skull

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4
Q

middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle attachments

A

Anterior Attachments
* Greater horn of the Hyoid bone

Posterior Attachments
* Pharyngeal Raphae

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5
Q

inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle attachments

A

Anterior Attachments
* Cricothyroid and Thyroid Cartilage

Posterior Attachments
* Pharyngeal Raphe

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6
Q

elavator muscles of the pharynx (5)

A

Palatopharyngeus muscle

Levator Veli Palatini muscle

Salpingophayngeus muscle

Stylopharyngeus muscle

Muscularis uvulae muscle

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7
Q

where do the elevator muscles of the pharynx (5) insert?

A

pharyngeal constrictor muscles and posterolateral border of thyroid cartilage

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8
Q

Palatopharyngeus muscle origin

A

soft palate

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9
Q

Levator Veli Palatini muscle origin

A

base of skull and travels under medial pterygoid plates bilaterally

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10
Q

Salpingophayngeus muscle origin

A

cartilaginous part of pharyngotympanic tub

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11
Q

Stylopharyngeus muscle origin

A

Styloid Process

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12
Q

muscularis uvulae muscle origin

A

posterior nasal spine

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13
Q

Functions:
Palatopharyngeus muscle
Levator Veli Palatini muscle
Salpingophayngeus muscle
Stylopharyngeus muscle
Muscularis uvulae muscle

A

Palatopharyngeus muscle: elevates pharynx, closes larynx when swallowing

Levator Veli Palatini muscle: elevates soft palate during swallowing

Salpingophayngeus muscle: elevates pharynx, equalize pressure in middle ear

Stylopharyngeus muscle: swallowing

Muscularis uvulae muscle: elevate uvula

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14
Q

Palatopharyngeus muscle function

A

Elevates pharynx
Closes larynx when swallowing

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15
Q

Levator Veli Palatini muscle function

A

Elevates soft palate during swallowing

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16
Q

Salpingopharyngeus muscle function

A

Elevates pharynx
Equalize pressure in middle ear

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17
Q

Stylopharyngeus muscle function

A

helps with swallowing

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18
Q

Muscularis Uvulae muscle function

A

elevate uvula

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19
Q

nasopharynx sensory innervation

20
Q

oropharynx sensory innervation

21
Q

laryngopharynx sensory innervation

22
Q

motor innervation of stylopharyngeus

23
Q

motor innervation of pharyngeal muscles (except stylopharyngeus)

24
Q

pharynx vascularization

A

ascending palatine a. (branch from EXA)
tonsillar a. (facial artery)

25
Q

larynx prevents material from entering the

A

airway (epiglottis lays over the vocal folds)

26
Q

main functions of the larynx (4)

A

prevent material from entering airway
phonation
breathing
couch reflex

27
Q

phonation of larynx

A

Tensing, abducting, adducting vocal folds causes air to vibrate during exhalation

28
Q

actions during breathing (larynx)

A

Abduction of vocal cords
glottis open
airway open

29
Q

cough reflex

A

Temporary closure of vocal folds to build up air pressure

30
Q

larynx cartilage (4)

A

thyroid
cricoid
epiglottis
arytenoid

31
Q

larynx ligaments (3)

A

thyrohyoid
cricothyroid
vocal

32
Q

joints of larynx (2)

A

cricoarytenoid
cricithyroid

33
Q

cricoarytenoid joint is a ____ joint

34
Q

what ligaments are in the cricoarytenoid joint?

A

abduct vocal ligaments
adduct vocal ligaments

35
Q

Cricothyroideus muscle function

A

Pulls thyroid cartilage anteriorly increasing tension in vocal ligament

36
Q

cricothyroideus muscle motor innervation

A

superior laryngeal n. (CN X)

*external laryngeal n.

37
Q

motor innervation of the vocal folds in the larynx

A

recurrent laryngeal n. (CN X)

38
Q

rima glottis

A

space between the 2 vocal cords
opens during breathing/closes during speech - vibrate

39
Q

glottis

A

vocal cords + rima glottis

40
Q

vocal folds (true) origin and insertion

A

arytenoid to thyroid cartilage (ligament)

41
Q

vagus nerve branch innervation of larynx (2)

A

superior laryngeal n.
recurrent laryngeal n.

42
Q

branches of the superior laryngeal n. to the larynx

A

external laryngeal n.
internal laryngeal n.

43
Q

external laryngeal n. motor/sensory
internal laryngeal n. motor sensory

A

external laryngeal n.: motor (cricothyroideus)

internal laryngeal n.: sensory (above vocal cords)

44
Q

recurrent laryngeal n. motor and sensory

A

motor: laryngeal m.

visceral sensory: below vocal cords

45
Q

larynx vascularization

A

external carotid artery
–> superior thyroid artery

thyrocervical trunk
–> inferior thyroid artery

Human Form & Function (48 decks)

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