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Washington Flashcards

1
Q

These AVAs are along the Yakima River

A

Candy Mountain
Red Mountain
Goose Cap
Rattlesnake Hills

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2
Q

Col Solari is a collaboration between these two wineries

A

Antinori and Chateau Ste Michelle
(Red Mountain)

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3
Q

AVA’s of Washington (19)

A

**(Shared with Oregon)

Yakima Valley (1983)
Columbia Valley (1984)**
Walla Walla Valley (1984)**
Puget sound (1995)
Red Mountain (2001)
Columbia Gorge (2004)**
Horse Heaven Hills (2005)
Wahluke slope (2006)
Rattlesnake hills (2006)
Lake Chelan (2009)
Snipes mountain (2009)
Natches Heights (2011)
Ancient lakes of Columbia Valley (2012)
Lewis-Clark Valley (2016)*** shared with Idaho
Royal slope (2020)
Candy Mountain (2020)
Goose Cap (2021)
The burn of Columbia Valley (2021)
White Bluffs (2021)

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4
Q

Name of nutrient rich deposits created by Missoula floods moving west from Montana to Lake Missoula

A

Touchet Beds

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5
Q

Vineyard soils in Colombia Valley are “eolian” or what

A

Shaped by wind

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6
Q

What year was the first block of Champoux vineyard planted in horse Heaven Hills? who planted it?

A

1972
Don Mercer
Walter Clore

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7
Q

first site on Wahluke slope was planted this year what is it (driest AVA 7.5 inches)

A

Winebau Vineyard 1981

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8
Q

Walla Walla AVA is on Oregon border (Shared with Oregon) and 80% of plantings are this

A

Cabernet Sauvignon
Merlot
Syrah

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9
Q

soils of Walla Walla valley

A

Basalt bedrock
Thin alluvial topsoil
loess

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10
Q

largest Appellation in Washington

A

Columbia Valley 11,000,000 acres

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11
Q

Washington’s first AVA

A

Yakima Valley (1983)

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12
Q

nested AVA’s of Yakima Valley

A

~~~

Snipes mountain
rattlesnake hills
red Mountain
Goose cap
Candy mountain

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13
Q

Washington’s warmest AVA

A

Red mountain

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14
Q

what is dual trunk training where is it employed

A

Throughout Washington, growers train two separate trunks on same vine in parallel just an inch or two apart winter damage will happen to one and not the other

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15
Q

another technique used to mitigate loss in cold weather

A

Burying canes: if canopy dies over the winter grower can pull fruiting cane up from under soil, get a crop the following year

Cordon, low trained

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16
Q

Rivers of Washington

A

Snake river
Columbia river
Yakima river

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17
Q

Which river passes through Walla Walla

A

Walla walla River

Tributaries touchet River and dry creek river

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18
Q

largest producer in Washington

A

Château Saint Michele

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19
Q

Vineyard of Chateau Ste Michele

A

Cold Creek

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20
Q

most planted grapes in Washington

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

Merlot

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21
Q

Washington labeling laws

A

95% state
75% county
85/95% AVA
95% vineyard
75% variety
85/95% vintage

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22
Q

Oldest Cabernet vines in Washington

A

1957 planted in Yakima Valley Otis Vineyard

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23
Q

These vineyards were planted on red Mountain in 1975

A

Kiona

Ciel du Cheval

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24
Q

What is VINEA

A

Voluntary group of Walla Walla growers who promote Holistic Socially Environmentally and responsible Methodology

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25
Q

Only Washington AVA west of cascades

A

Puget sound

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26
Q

Map of Washington

A
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27
Q

Smallest AVA of Washington

A

Candy Mountain

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28
Q

Map of Washington

A
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29
Q

the low-lying topography of the Columbia Basin is striated by east-west ridgelines—an area known to geologists as:

A

the Yakima Fold Belt, encompassing much of Washington’s vineyard acreage.

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30
Q

Former name of Chateau Ste. Michelle.

A

American Wine growers

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31
Q

Father of Washington Wine

A

Dr. Walter Clore

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32
Q

Gallo entered Washington by purchasing this Winery

A

Columbia Winery

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33
Q

This larger parent corporation owns Canoe Creek, Waterbrook and Willow Crest winery in Washington

A

Precept Wines

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34
Q

On what parallel is Eastern Washington’s vinifera?

A

46

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35
Q

Why is Phylloxera unknown in Washington?

A

Severe winter, sandy soil, great physical distances

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36
Q

This mountain range creates a rainshadow effect for Columbia River Basin in Eastern Washington, affecting Yakima Valley

A

Cascade Range

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37
Q

Why is the Columbia basin sheltered from icy polar air masses?

A

The Rockies to the North and East

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38
Q

What is the Yakima Fold Belt

A

Low Lying Striations of East-West ridgelines in South Central Washington
Created by tectonic compression in Miocene Epoch

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39
Q

What are anticlines and synclines in the Yakima Fold Belt, and what are their elevations?

A

Anticlines: Ridgelines (4,000 ft)
Synclines: Valley floors (1000 ft)

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40
Q

Which does Frost affect more? valley floors, or higher elevation vineyards in Eastern Washington?

A

Valley floors.

Anticlinal bottlenecks create inversion layer of temperature, trapping cool air, making for wider diurnal shifts.

Higher elevation vineyards are preferable

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41
Q

Warmest AVAs in all Washington

A

Red Mountain, Wahluke Slope, Horse heaven Hills, on the South side of Anticlinal ridges

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42
Q

Vines are particularly susceptible to this affliction after a hard freeze in Washington

A

Crown Gall

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43
Q

What is the deepest point of Basalt in Eastern Washington?

A

Pasco Basin, reaches 12,000 feet

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44
Q

Where did Lake Missoula form? What created it?

A

Western Montana. Massive dam of ice that was part of the retreating Cordilleran Ice Sheet

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45
Q

What is the name of the geological formation at the Southern Edge of the Pasco Basin, that created a “bottleneck” and deep channels of Basalt and buildup of sediment and Touchet beds during the Missoula Floods?

A

Wallula Gap

Soils Spit out Westward into Columbia Gorge

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46
Q

Land above this elevation stayed dry during the Missoula Floods

A

1200 feet

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47
Q

Where is one more likely to find Basalt nearer the surface in Eastern Washington? Higher or lower elevation?

A

Higher elevation

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48
Q

Who planted Washingtons first vineyard?

A

British Hudson’s Bay Company (Fur Traders)

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49
Q

What treaty gave US control of Washington?

A

Oregon Treaty of 1846

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50
Q

What year did Washington prohibit the sale of Alcohol

A

1914, 6 years before prohibition

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51
Q

When did commercial vinifera vineyards reappear in Washington after Prohibition?

A

Not till the 1960s

52
Q

In 1934, this Act established the Washington State Liquor Control Board or the WSLCB

A

The Steele Act

Made the WSLCB the sole wholesaler of all wine and spirits

53
Q

This man encouraged Walter Clore to plant an experimental vinifera vineyard in Prosser, WA, where Clore was a professor at University

A

William Bridgman, who planted Muscat on Snipes Mountain since the 1910s.

54
Q

In 1960, Clore partnered with this ex Napa Winemaker to plant experimental vineyards throughout the state

A

Charles Nagel

55
Q

What year was Associated Vintners (Clore and colleagues) founded

56
Q

This vineyard planted on Snipes Mountain dates back to 1963

A

Harrison Hill, planted near William Bridgman’s property, currently managed by Upland Estate

57
Q

This winemaker traveled to Washington in 1967 to sample the Associated Vintner’s Wines (Interested in Gewurztraminer)

A

Andre Tschelitscheff

58
Q

Tschelitscheff consulted for this winery West of Puget Sound, formerly known as American Wine Growers

A

Chateau Ste. Michelle

59
Q

Associated Vintners is today known as this:

A

Columbia Winery

60
Q

This MW was named head of winemaking at Columbia Winery in 1979

A

David Lake

61
Q

This MW is associated with Chateau Ste Michelle

A

Bob Betz, before starting Betz winery

62
Q

Most planted red grapes of Washington

A

Cabernet
Merlot )1/3 of states acreage)

63
Q

These white grapes were the most planted in 1960s and 70s

A

Riesling, Gewurztraminer. (Tschelitscheff most interested in Gewurz)
Because of freezes, and their hardy nature

64
Q

What year did Chateau Ste Michelle win a Los Angeles Times competition for Riesling

65
Q

First grape to gain widespread popularity as a varietal in Washington

A

Merlot, 1980s

Leonetti Cellars popularity made Merlot the “signature wine” by the 1990

66
Q

This AVA was created in 1984 and encompasses 99% of Washington’s Vineyards

A

Columbia Valley

11 million acres

67
Q

These AVAs are shared between Oregon and Washington

A

Columbia Valley
Columbia Gorge
Walla Walla

68
Q

Where is Stillwater Creek Winery Located?

A

Royal Slope AVA

69
Q

Dionysis Winery is located here

A

White Bluffs AVA (Columbia valley)

70
Q

Cold Creek Vineyard Cabernet vines date to this year

A

1973
Chateau Ste Michelle
850 acre vineyard
East of Yakima Valley

71
Q

this geological feature marks the Northern entrance to Yakima Valley (first ava 1983)

72
Q

Nested AVAs of Yakima Valley

A

Red Mountain
Snipes Mountain
Rattlesnake Hills
Candy Mountain
Goose Cap

73
Q

Main town of Yakima Valley

74
Q

Main Agricultural product of Yakima Valley (not vinifera)

75
Q

The first Syrah in Washington went into the ground in this year, this vineyard

A

Red Willow Vineyard
Yakima Valley

76
Q

Top Vineyards in Yakima Valley

A

Red Willow Vineyard
Boushey
Otis (first Cabernet vines 1957)

77
Q

Where are most vineyards in Yakima planted?

A

The slopes: 1,000 to 1400 feet elevation

78
Q

Why is Red Mountain AVA red?

A

Abundant Cheatgrass
Most densely cultivated AVA in Washington

79
Q

Producers of Red Mountain

A

Col Solare (Antinori/Ste Michelle)
Force Majeure
Upchurch vineyards

80
Q

Single vineyards of Red Mountain

A

Kiona*
Ciel du Cheval* (*1975)
Klipsun

81
Q

Snipes mountain AVA is an anticline in the middle of Yakima valley. What year was it approved? Is it bigger than Red Mountain?

82
Q

How is Snipes Mountain (Yakima Valley) defined?

A

By elevation: 750 on Southern Slope, 820 on the Northern

83
Q

Elevation of Snipes Mountain

A

1,310 feet

84
Q

Oldest Vinifera plantings in Washington?

A

1917
Muscat of Alexandria
Upland Vineyards Property on Snipes Mountain
William Bridgman planted

85
Q

What year was Harrison Hill Vineyard planted in Snipes Mountain AVA (Yakima Valley)

A

1963
Todd Newhouse of Upland owns and petitioned for the AVA

86
Q

Producers of snipes mountain AVA

A

Maison Bleue
Smasne
Upland (only estate producer in the appellation)

87
Q

What is the elevation of Rattlesnake Hills AVA (Yakima Valley)

A

Up to 3000 feet, near town of Zillah
Vineyards planted from 850-1600 feet

88
Q

what was Rattlesnake hills first planted vineyard?

A

Morrison Vineyard 1968
Cabernet and Riesling

89
Q

Top Vineyards of Rattlesnake hills AVA

A

Andrew Wills Two Blondes Vineyard
Cote Bonnevilles Dubrul Vineyard
Both labeled as Yakima Valley AVA

90
Q

the border of Yakima Valley was extended by 72 acres to accommodate this, Washingtons smallest AVA

A

Candy Mountain

91
Q

mountains to the east of Walla Walla valley

A

Blue mountains

92
Q

Two unofficial subregions of Walla Walla valley

A

Mill Creek and north fork Walla Walla valley

93
Q

Main soil of Walla Walla valley

A

Loess (Leonettis Loess Vineyard has 50 feet of loess at the foot of the Blue Mountains)

94
Q

this man planted the first Vinifera in Walla Walla valley

A

Gary Figgins 1974 (Founded Leonetti Cellar)

95
Q

Walla Walla Valley’s founding fathers

A

Gary Figgins (Leonetti)
Rick Small (Woodward Canyon)
Baker Ferguson (L’Ecole)
Eric Rindal (Waterbrook)

96
Q

New School producers of Walla Walla

A

Cayuse (Christophe Byron)
Pepper Bridge (Norm McKibben)
Waters Winery
Gramercy Cellars
Va Piano
Buty Winery
aMaurice
Rotie Cellars
Amavi
Chris Figgins

97
Q

The Rocks of Milton Freewater AVA is located entirely in this county in Oregon

A

Umatilla County
325 Acres under vine

98
Q

Major Vineyard Sites of Walla Walla Valley

A

Pepper Bridge
Seven Hills
SeVein (Oregon, which will double the size of the AVA, a former wheat field)

99
Q

MS of Gramercy (Walla Walla)

A

Greg Harrington

100
Q

Most important sites of Horse Heaven Hills AVA

A

Champoux Vineyard (1972) Don Mercer/Walter Clore
Alder Ridge
Phinny Hill
Canoe Ridge (Ste Michelle)
Longshadows Benches Vineyard

101
Q

This year in Horse Heaven Hills brought devastating frost and wiped out 30 acres at Champoux

102
Q

Mountain Range to the north of Wahluke Slope AVA

A

Saddle Mountains

103
Q

Driest AVA in all Washington

A

Wahluke Slope (Means “Watering Hole”)

104
Q

What does Walla Walla mean

A

“Many Waters”

105
Q

First commercial vineyard in Wahluke Slope AVA

A

Weinbau 1981 planted by Langguth Erben of Blue Nun in Germany
Now part of Sagemoor portfolio

106
Q

Where is Milbrandt Vineyards

A

Wahluke Slope AVA
Largest operation there

107
Q

Most planted variety of Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley

A

Riesling
35 Ancient Lakes moderating temperature

108
Q

Northernmost nested AVA within Columbia Valley

A

Lake Chelan

109
Q

Royal Slope AVA is nested between these two AVAs

A

Wahluke Slope and Ancient Lakes of Columbia Valley
Cooler than Wahluke and Warmer than Ancient Lakes

110
Q

Least significant AVA East of the Cascades

A

Naches Heights

111
Q

This Washington AVA houses Sagemoor Vineyards

A

White Bluffs AVA (2021)

112
Q

Major Vineyards of White Bluffs AVA

(Ringold formation soil)

A

Sagemoor (1968)
Dionysus
Bacchus
Gamache (all along the banks of Columbia River)

113
Q

Burn of Columbia Valley is on the Oregon border and between these two AVAs

A

Horse Heaven Hills and Columbia Gorge

114
Q

Washington AVA approved in 2022 between Ancient Lakes and Lake Chelan

A

Rocky Reach AVA (lower elevation along Columbia River)

115
Q

Three AVAs of Washington that do not fall within Columbia Valley

A

Columbia Gorge
Lewis-Clark Valley
Puget Sound

116
Q

This AVA is between The Dalles OR and Hood River OR, and contains some of the only dry farmed vines in WA

A

Columbia Gorge

117
Q

The moderating influence of this river makes Columbia Gorge one of the coolest appellations in Washington

A

Columbia River
Also tremendously influenced by wind

118
Q

in 1968, Walter Clore planted this varietal in Columbia Gorge, in this vineyard

A

Pinot Noir
Atavus (1700 feet elevation, lower shoulder of Mt Adams)

119
Q

Two key subregions of Columbia Gorge

A

Underwood Mountain (cool subregion entirely in Washington)
Hood River Valley (Oregon Side)

120
Q

This vineyard, planted in Columbia Gorge in 1972, is the Gorge’s most notabale fruit site

A

Celilo
75 acres
Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Gewurztraminer

121
Q

Producers of Columbia Gorge

A

Syncline
Memaloose/Idiot’s Grace
Analemma

122
Q

This man founded Puget Sound’s first notable vineyard

A

Lambert Evans, on Stretch Island
Planted “Island Belle” a black labrusca hybrid

123
Q

Washington’s first bonded winery

A

St. Charles
1933
On Stretch Island, Puget Sound

124
Q

Washington’s most sparsely planted AVA

A

Puget Sound

125
Q

Islands of Puget Sound AVA that comprise most prominent vineyard are

A

San Juan
Bainbridge
Lopez

126
Q

Chateau Ste Michelle is located here

A

Woodinville, Puget Sound

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