Chile Laws and History Flashcards
Three terms used to define three different environments within growing regions in Chile
(decree #464, which also added Atacama and Austral to DO system)
Costa
Entre Corilleras
Andes
Reserva categories for Chilean wine
Reserva and Reserva Especial 12% abv
Reserva Privada 12.5% abv
Gran Reserva and Reserva Privada spend mandatory time in oak
percentage of varietal required for a bottle of Chilean with a DO region listed
75%
85 exports
Claude gay brought French cuttings to Chile in the 1830s and planted them here
Santiago Quinta normal agricultural station
this man is referred to as the father of Chilean wine
Silvestre Ochagavia
founded Vina Ochagavia in 1851 still in operation (Santiago)
American winemakers with Chilean Projects
Paul Hobbs
Randy Ullom
Byron Kosuge
Keu
Bernardo
french wine makers with a Chilean projects
William Fevre (william fevre chile) Maipo 1991
Martin Prieur (Domaine Jacques Prieur, consults for Cono Sur)
Pascal Marchand: Dos Andes Veranda, Michel Liger Belair. Consults for Errasuriz
What is law 18,455 (Chile)
Passed in 1985 lays down rules for production grapes from vitis vinifera 11.5% abv min
What are the tiers of DO largest to smallest in Chile
464 established four tiers of DO:
Viticultural Region
Subregion
Zone
Area
As of 2012 you may name Costa Entre Cordilleras or Andes to a wine provided this % of fruit is from this region
85%
most planted grape in Chile and the world
Cabernet Sauvignon
what year was DO system introduced in Chile
1994
this grape was often mistaken for Sauvignon Blanc in Chile
Friulano (Sauvignon Vert)
cool vintages of chile
2011
2013
Is there Entre Cordellieras in Elqui
NO
most planted white grape in Chile
Chardonnay
Chile is never wider than this kilometers
350 km
Continental mainland of chile spans these latitudes
17 to 53 degrees
earliest wineries of chile
Cousino Macul (1856)
Vina San Pedro (1865)
Vina Errasuriz (1780)
Santa Carolina (1875)
Santa Rita (1880)
Concha Y Toro (1883)
Undurraga (1885)
Traditional aging vessels of Chile
Rauli beechwood
the Andes can be this high on the eastern border of Chile
6000 m
This tasting put Chilean wines on the map
2004 Berlin Tasting put Errázuriz on the map with “Viñedo Chadwick” 2000 placing first and “Seña” 2001
placing second ahead of Lafite and Margaux.
“Seña” is a collaboration between Errazuriz and Robert Mondavi, with the first vintage in 1995.
1 exporter by volume and value to the United States of any South American Country
Chile
Spanish vines first arrived in this South American country
Peru
How did Pisco get its name
From the name of the Port from where it was shipped, Pisco
What is an arroba
measurement of weight, in Spain, not of volume. Equivalent to 8 liters
These religious orders were exempt from embargoes on trade in South America
Dominicans
Franciscans
Jesuits
This Spanish King issued an edict banning the planting of new vineyards in the Americas to encourage imports
1595
King Phillip II of Spain
Spain did these things to stymie wine production in the Americas and increase imports, resulting in an underground Market for wine and brandy
Forbid Use of Native Labor
Raised taxes on South American Wine and aguardiente
Planting ban in 1654
What is a Hacienda
Agricultural plantation in early chile
Two early winegrowing estates in Chile that replaced vineyards with French cuttings, ripping out spanish grapevines
Vina La Rosa (Cachapoal 1824)
Carta Vieja (Loncomilla Valley, 1825)
Chiles densest region of french immigration and the center of Chiles early vineyards
Concepcion
(Sur region)
Three Chilean Brands that dominate 85% of domestic consumption
Concha Y Toro
Santa Rita
San Pedro
What is MOVI
2009, 12 wineries
Movimiento de Vinateros Independientes
Owner and winemaker the same: winemaker pours the wine, garagiste, personal projects
Garage Wine Co
Montsecano
Von Siebenthal
Sigla
Kingston
Garcia and Schwaderer
What year did Barons de Rothschild-Lafite arrive in Chile
1988
Took over Los Vascos in Colchagua
These winemakers are creating more restrained styles of Chilean wine
Marcelo Papa (Concha Y Toro)
Francisco Baettig (Errazuriz)
Felipe Muller (Tabali)
Rodrigo Soto (Veramonte)
Marcelo Retamal (DeMartino)
Five geographic sectors of Chile
Norte Grande
Norte Chico
Zona Central
Zona Sur
Zona Austral
Commercial winegrowing takes place in these nine Administrative regions of Chile (there are 15 in total)
Listed North to South:
Atacama
Coquimbo
Valparaiso
Santiago
O’ Higgins
Maule
Bio Bio
La Araucania
Los Lagos
DO boundaries of Chile are based on this geological formation
River Valleys running West from the Andes
The two most important tectonic plates affecting Chile
South American Plate
Oceanic Nazca Plate
The Andes Mountains is on this volcanic arc
Pacific ring of fire
soil of the coastal range of Chile
horizontal layers of granite, schist and slate overlaid by red clay
Some of the Andes high elevation vineyards have limestone due to accretion from tectonic action, but the majority is this kind of soil
Volcanic
Extrusive rock like Basalt and Andesite
Which range is older: the Andes or the Coastal range
Coastal range
“soils of Pangea” formed when the continents were one
Who famously said “Chile is three columns”
Cecelia Guzman (winemaker)
Haras de Pirque
