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A Master 3.0 > Victoria > Flashcards

Victoria Flashcards

1
Q

Zones of Victoria

A

Northwest Victoria
Western Victoria
Central Victoria
Port Phillip
North East Victoria
Gippsland

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2
Q

Australia’s most important wine are in the 1800s

A

Victoria

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3
Q

Main grapes of Murray Darling and Swan Hill GIs

North West Victoria Zone
Big Rivers Zone (shared)

A

Chardonnay/Shiraz

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4
Q

Where is Tahbilk located

A

Nagambie lakes subregion of Goulburn Valley in Central Victoria

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5
Q

When were Tahbilk’s flagship Syrah vines planted

A

1860

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6
Q

Where are the oldest Marsanne vines in Australia and possibly the world

A

Tahbilk
Goulburn Valley GI Central Victoria Zone

1927

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7
Q

GIs of central Victoria Zone

A

Bendigo GI
Goulburn Valley GI
Heathcote GI
upper Goulburn GI
Strathbogie Ranges GI

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8
Q

gIs of North East Victoria Zone

A

Alpine valleys GI
Beechworth GI
Glenrowan GI
king valley GI
Rutherglen GI

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9
Q

GI regions of northwest Victoria Zone

A

Murray Darling GI
Swan Hill GI

both shared with New South Wales State and Big Rivers Zone

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10
Q

Australia’s oldest wine region

A

Yarra Valley

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11
Q

what year was Domaine Chandon founded in Australia

A

1987

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12
Q

“Topaque” from Rutherglen GI (North East Victoria Zone) is made from this grape

A

Muscadelle

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13
Q

members of the muscat of Rutherglen Network distinguish their wines with this mark

A

Stylized “R” logo on label

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14
Q

main soil type of Heathcote GI in Centro Victoria zone

A

Greenstone (Cambrian era alkaline volcanic soil rich in copper or calcium era alkaline volcanic soil rich in copper or calcium)

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15
Q

where can “black dog” soil be found (fine sandy loam)

A

Victoria State
North East Victoria zone
Rutherglen G.I.

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16
Q

hottest zone: north west Victoria central Victoria or North East Victoria

A

North West Victoria

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17
Q

Muscat of Rutherglen quality classifications

A

Muscat: Base classification. The wines should be a younger style showing fresh fruit characters and integration of spirit. 3-5 years

Classic: A maturing style exhibiting raisined fruit flavour, cask aged flavour and the beginnings of rancio character. The palate shows balanced lusciousness, richness on the mid-palate from cask ageing and some concentrated characters. 6-10 years

Grand: A mature style exhibiting aged fruit flavour, rich cask aged character and rancio character. The palate shows balanced lusciousness, rich mid-palate from cask ageing, concentrated flavours from ageing and rancio flavours. 11-19 years

Rare: A rancio style showing all the flavours of prolonged cask ageing – lusciousness, extreme rancio and concentration. 20+ years

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18
Q

Gippsland zone to the east of Port Phillip is coastal and known for this variety

A

Pinot Noir

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19
Q

Central Victoria Zone encompasses these GIs and is known for these varietals

A

Red grapes, particularly Shiraz, thrive in the Bendigo, Heathcote, and Goulburn Valley GIs.

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20
Q

This soil type of Rutherglen is preferred for fortified styles

A

“Rutherglen” loam (preferred for fortified styles)

“Black Dog” fine sandy loam is the other soil type

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21
Q

Dominant winery of King Valley GI (North East Victoria Zone)

A

Brown Brothers of Malawa

Sparkling wine “Patricia”

(Pinot noir and Chardonnay from The Whitlands High Plateau)

Dal Zotto (Prosecco pioneer)

De Bortoli (Based out of Riverina)

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22
Q

This GI in North Eastern Victoria is still plagued by phylloxera

A

Alpine Valleys GI

(Victorian Alps Wine Company is a major Producer: Gapsted Label)

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23
Q

Producers of Beechwood GI (North East Victoria)

A

Chardonnay from Giaconda

Castagna (Shiraz and Viognier)

Sorrenberg (Gamay)

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24
Q

Western Victoria “Great Western” producers

A

Grampians GI: Seppelt and Bests

Pyrenees GI: Taltarni and Dalwhinnie

Henty: Seppelt (Called the region “Drumbourg”

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25
Q

First vines planted in Victoria

A

1838

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26
Q

This producer popularized Sparkling Burgundy in Australia

A

Victorian Producer Great Western

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27
Q

First European settlement in Victoria (convict)

A

1803

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28
Q

What year was the British Colony of Victoria founded

A

1851

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29
Q

Where was gold first discovered in Victoria

A

Ballarat
Bendigo

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30
Q

in the 1860s, this region was the most prodigious in all Australia

A

Geelong (West of Melbourne and Southeast of Gold fields of Ballarat)

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31
Q

Between 1860-1875, Australia exported 145,600 cases of wine to Britain annually. Most of it was from here

A

Victoria

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32
Q

What was Geelong’s “death by extinction?”

A

Victorian government ordered every vine in Geelong uprooted after Phylloxera hit

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33
Q

This region usurped Geelong as the Southern Hemisphere’s largest wine region by the time Phylloxera struck its vineyards in 1899

A

Rutherglen

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34
Q

When did Phylloxera hit Bendigo

A

1893
Not a vine remained

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35
Q

When did Phylloxera hit Yarra Valley
Much later

A

2006
Though in 1930s, the vines were grubbed up anyway to make room for pastureland

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36
Q

These factors affected development of Victorian wine industry in 20th century

Only Rutherglen fared even remotely well

A

temperance movement
World Wars and shortage of manpower
Economic Depression
Competition from South Australia with removal of interstate trade barriers

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37
Q

What year was Idyll Vineyard planted in Geelong

A

1966

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38
Q

as of 2013, there are _ wineries in Victoria and _ GI regions

A

775 Wineries
21 GI regions

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39
Q

This river marks the state of Victoria’s border with NSW

A

Murray

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40
Q

The Southernmost extremity of the Great Dividing range is at this GI

A

Grampians GI
(Western Victoria)

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41
Q

Australia’s most densely populated State

A

Victoria

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42
Q

Second and third most planted red grapes of Yarra Valley

A

Shiraz
Cabernet Sauvignon
more restrained styles, french oak

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43
Q

Winemaker for DeBortoli

A

Steve Webber

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44
Q

Top regions for Chardonnay in Australia

A

Yarra Valley
Margaret River

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45
Q

When did Phylloxera hit Heathcote and Bendigo in Central Victoria Zone?

A

1891
1893

(Both red wine producing GIs)

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46
Q

Heathcote GI in Central Victoria has become known for this style of wine

A

Full bodied Shiraz

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47
Q

Main “blockbuster” Shiraz producer of Heathcote GI

A

Jasper Hill

48
Q

Heathcote GI experiences diurnal shift because of the ridgelines of this mountain range (central Victoria, greenstone)

A

Mount Camel Range

49
Q

This GI of Central Victoria is Northeast of Bendigo and Heathcote, and has original vines planted in 1860

A

Goulburn Valley GI

50
Q

This much of the original vineyard planted in 1860 by Tahbilk exist today:

A

.5 hectares

51
Q

Why did the original vines planted in 1860 Goulburn GI survive?

A

Sandy soils, thanks to the Goulburn river

52
Q

Most important grape of Goulburn Valley GI

53
Q

This subregion GI is where Tahbilk and most of the best wineries today are located in Goulburn GI

A

Southern Subregion of Nagambie Lakes GI

54
Q

Strathbogie Ranges GI and Upper Goulburn GI are higher elevation, cooler GIs of Central Victoria, and are known for these grapes (600-800m elevation)

A

Pinot Noir and Chardonnay

55
Q

This river forms the Northern border of Rutherglen GI

A

Murray River

56
Q

Climate of Rutherglen GI

A

Warm Continental

57
Q

FIrst winery in Rutherglen GI to achieve critical acclaim

A

All Saint’s Winery
1864

58
Q

First winery in Rutherglen

A

Morris Wines
1859

59
Q

These styles of Rutherglen fortified Muscat “stickies” gained popularity mid century

A

“Sherry”
“Tawny”
“Tokay”

60
Q

In the 1960s, more than half of Victoria’s wineries were here

A

Rutherglen

61
Q

Today, Rutherglen has 800 ha of vineyard land. What are the main red grapes for table wines there?

A

Shiraz and Durif/Petit Sirah

62
Q

Most important wines of Rutherglen

A

Muscat and Topaque

63
Q

Rutherglen Muscat is released as a blend of vintages: T/F?

64
Q

What year was the Muscat of Rutherglen Network established?

65
Q

Basic Level of Rutherglen Muscat

A

Rutherglen Muscat: orange and rosy, saccharine and mouthcoating

66
Q

Second level of Rutherglen Muscat

A

“Classic” Rutherglen Muscat
Intense varietal aromatics but slight rancio tones

67
Q

Third level of Rutherglen Muscat

A

Grand: More oxidative tones and mature rancio character

68
Q

Highest level of Rutherglen Muscat

A

Rare: Should “taste as if it were 20 years old”

69
Q

Synonyms for Brown Muscat in Rutherglen GI

A

Muscat Rouge a Petit Grains

70
Q

Preferred Soil type of Brown Muscat

A

Rutherglen Loam

71
Q

What does Botrytis do to Brown Muscat

A

Ruins the varietal
Very undesirable

72
Q

This viticultural technique is essential to the concentration of sugar in Brown Muscat

A

Passerillage

73
Q

Brix levels for Rutherglen Muscat can exceed this

74
Q

What is Anzac day

A

April 25 in Rutherglen “It never rains until it rains on the March”

75
Q

Step One of Producing Rutherglen Muscat

A

short fermentation on the skin, Brown Muscat of Rutherglen consumes 20-40g/l of sugar over the course of one to two days

76
Q

Second step in Rutherglen Muscat production

A

Wine is pressed and immediately fortified with neutral 96 proof grape spirit, added in a one to four ratio (same as port)

77
Q

Third step in Rutherglen Muscat production

A

Wine matures for years or even decades in various formats of old wood: 225 L Barriques, 300 L Hogsheads or 500 L Puncheons or even larger oval casks

78
Q

Step 4 in Muscat of Rutherglen production (after aging)

A

Evaporation sends a share to the angels, 5% per year, and greater concentration of Sugar, acid and alcohol in remaining wine. Some producers use a solera system.

79
Q

wineries today produce fortified Muscat Wines in Rutherglen

A

Stanton and killeen
Campbell’s
Chambers
All Saints
Morris
Pfeiffer
Buller

80
Q

Rutherglen Muscat is made from this varietal

A

Brown muscat (Muscat Rouge a Petit Grains)

81
Q

Only eight producers make fortified Muscat wines:

A

All Saints
Morris
Campbell’s
Chambers
Stanton&Killeen
Rutherglen Estates
Buller
Pfeiffer

82
Q

What is “Topaque”

A

Fortified wine made with Muscadelle grapes

Uncommon aromatic variety found in Bordeaux and Southwest France

83
Q

Which concentrates more sugar on the vine: Brown Muscat (Muscat de Frontignan) or Muscadelle?

A

Brown Muscat. Muscadelle hangs on vine till April sometimes, accrues less sugar

84
Q

How is Topaque different from Rutherglen Muscat?

A

Topaque is Made from Muscadelle
Rutherglen Muscat made from Muscat rouge a petit grains

Processes are the same, and categories Classic, Grand, Rare, are the same. Topaque has 30-40 g/l less RS than Muscat wines of the same category.

85
Q

Descriptors for Topaque of Rutherglen (Chris Pfeiffer of Pfeiffer winery)
Topaque is less sweet with 30-40g/l less sugar in the same category as rutherglen muscat

A

Honey
Cold Tea
sardine oil
seaweed

86
Q

Which is a better wine for the table: Topaque or Rutherglen Muscat?

A

Topaque, higher acid and less sweet.

87
Q

What is Apera

A

The term for “sherry” in Australia

88
Q

Glenrowan GI (North East Victoria Zone) produces similar styles to this GI

A

Dry Reds and Fortified wines of Rutherglen GI

89
Q

Elevation of these three GIs, from lowest to highest in N.E Victoria:
Alpine Valleys
Beechwood
King Valley

A
  1. Alpine Valleys
  2. Beechwood
  3. King Valley
90
Q

Alpine Valleys, Beechworth and King Valley GIs are all in the foothills and low ranges of this Mountain range

A

Victorian Alps (Part of the Great Dividing Range)

91
Q

In King Valley GI, much of the Chardonnay and Pinot Noir fruit becomes blending material for this

A

Sparkling wine

92
Q

What is the Northernmost point of King Valley

A

Wangratta

700m difference in elevation between highest point in Rutherglen and here

93
Q

Victoria’s warmest Wine Regions

A

Murray Darling GI
Swan Hill GI
(NW Victoria Zone)

94
Q

92% of wines produced in Swan Hill and Murray Darling GIs carry this monniker

A

“South Eastern Australia GI”
Sell for less than 5 Australian dollars per liter

95
Q

Single GI subregion of Grampians GI (Western Victoria)

A

Great Western GI

96
Q

Grampians GI lies at the West end of this Geological Formation at 440 Meters elevation

A

Great Dividing Range

97
Q

Grampians GI, being cool and very dry, developed a historical reputation for this kind of wine

A

Sparkling Wine

98
Q

Who Founded Great Western Winery in 1865?

A

Joseph Best
(Now under Seppelt name)

99
Q

In 1890, this man made Australia’s first traditional method sparkling wine at Great Western Winery

A

Charles Pierlot
Trained at Pommery

100
Q

What style of wine did Hans Irvine, Pierlot’s boss, show in 1894 at a Melbourne Wine Show?

A

“Sparkling Burgundy”
Great Western

101
Q

Under this winemaker, Great Western shepherded Australia’s Sparkling Burgundy style through the depression era of the 1930s

A

Colin Preece
(Legendary winemaker)

102
Q

Red grapes in Grampians GI account for this % of harvest

A

80%

Led by Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon

103
Q

Grampians GI is primarily this kind of wine production

104
Q

Grampians GI highest quality producer

105
Q

Pyrenees GI, adjacent to NE border of Grampians GI, (Western Victoria) is named for this Range

A

Pyrenees: one of the last ranges within the Great Dividing Range

106
Q

Stylistic focus of Pyrenees GI (Western VIctoria)

A

Still red wines based on Shiraz and Cabernet Sauvignon

107
Q

Stylistically, which wines are richer: Pyrenees GI or Grampians GI (Western Aus)

108
Q

Grape Varieties of Henty GI (Western Victoria)

A

Genuinely cool region! Closer to Coonawarra, on the coast
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Riesling

109
Q

Largest producer in Henty GI (Western Victoria)

A

Seppelt, Same as Grampians GI

110
Q

Name of the 100ha vineyard owned by Seppelt In Henty GI (Western Victoria)

A

Drumborg
Planted 1964, accounts for 2/3 of Henty’s total vine acreage

111
Q

Gippsland Zone (NO GIS) is here

A

Eastern side of Coastal Victoria
Eastward from Yarra Valley along the Bass Strait coastline to the Great Dividing Range, south of King and Alpine Valleys

112
Q

Most vineyards in Gippsland Zone are concentrated here

A

West Gippsland, Bass Phillip is a producer there

abuts Yarra Valley
South Gippsland

113
Q

Most planted grape in Gippsland zone
No GIs!!! (Eastern coastal Victoria state)

A

Pinot Noir

114
Q

Where is Bass Phillip, Gippsland Zone’s best producer (gippsland: zone of western Victoria with No GIs)

A

South Gippsland

115
Q

Why isnt Gippsland Zone capable of having a GI

A

only 190ha under vine in 2019
To be GI, one needs **500 tonnes **annually and its just not large enough

A Master 3.0 (225 decks)

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