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Biochemistry > Vitamin A > Flashcards

Vitamin A Flashcards

1
Q

Endogenously Synthesized Vitamins

A 
Vitamin D
Vitamin K
Biotin
Pantothenic Acid
Niacin
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2
Q

Provitamins of Vitamin A present in PLANTS

A

Carotenoids

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3
Q

Most prevalent carotenoid in the food supply that has provitamin A activity

A

B-Carotene

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4
Q

Protection against macular degeneration

A

Lutein

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5
Q

Protection against prostate cancer

A

Lycopene

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6
Q

The ONLY form of vitamin A that can be absorbed by intestinal cells

A

Retinol

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7
Q

Functions of Vitamin A

A

Maintenance of vision
Normal reproduction
Maintenance of skin and mucosa
Antioxidant properties

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8
Q

Supports reproduction of cells

A

RETINOL

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9
Q

Support embryogenesis

A

RETINOIC ACID

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10
Q

MC vitamin deficiency worldwide

A

Vitamin A deficiency

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11
Q

MC cause of preventable blindness worldwide

A

Vitamin A deficiency

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12
Q

Collective term for ALL ocular manifestations of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Xerophthalmia

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13
Q

Earliest SIGN of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Loss of sensitivity to GREEN LIGHT

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14
Q

Earliest SYMPTOM of Vitamin A deficiency

A

Nyctalopia (night blindness)

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15
Q

Dryness of the conjunctiva

A

XEROSIS

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16
Q

White patches of keratinized epithelium appearing on the sclera

A

BITOT SPOTS

17
Q

Softening of the cornea

A

Keratomalacia

18
Q

Epithelial metaplasia and keratinization –> FOLLICULAR HYPERKERATOSIS

A

Phynoderma or Toad Skin

19
Q

Common in arctic explorers eating polar bear liver

A

Vitamin A Toxicity

20
Q

Acute Vitamin A Toxicity

A

Pseudotumor cerebri: headache, vomiting, blurred vision, stupor

21
Q

Chronic Vitamin A Toxicity

A 
Increased risk for fractures (hip)
Teratogenic in pregnancy
Seborrhea
Alopecia
Hepatosplenomegaly
22
Q

Used to treat SEVERE CYSTIC ACNE

A

Oral Isotretinoin

23
Q

Used to treat ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA

A

All trans tretinoic acid

Biochemistry (75 decks)

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