Rate Determining Enzymes of Metabolic Processes

Question 1

Glycolysis

Answer 1

PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE (PFK-1)

AMP (+), fructose 2-6 bisphosphate (+)
ATP (-), citrate (-)

Question 2

Gluconeogenesis

Answer 2

FRUCTOSE 1,6 BISPHOSPHATASE

AMP (-), fructose 2-6 bisphosphate (-)

Question 3

TCA cycle

Answer 3

ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE

ADP (+)
ATP (-), NADH (-)

Question 4

Glycogenesis

Answer 4

GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE

Glucose 6 phosphate (+), insulin (+), cortisol (+)
Epinephrine (-), glucagon (-)

Question 5

Glycogenolysis

Answer 5

GLYCOGEN PHOSPHORYLASE

Epinephrine (+), glucagon (+)
Glucose 6 phosphate (-), insulin , ATP (-)

Question 6

HMP shunt

Answer 6

GLUCOSE 6 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE (G6PD)

NADP (+)
NADPH (-)

Question 7

De Novo Pyrimidine Synthesis

Answer 7

CARBAMOYL PHOSPHATE SYNTHETASE II

ATP (+), PRPP (+)
UTP (-)

Question 8

De Novo Purine Synthesis

Answer 8

GLUTAMINE- PHOSPHORIBOSYLPYROPHOSPHATE (PRPP) AMIDOTRANSFERASE

AMP (-), IMP (-), GMP (-)

Question 9

Urea Cycle

Answer 9

CARBAMOYL PHOSPHATE SYNTHETASE I

N-acetylglutamate (+)

Question 10

Fatty Acid Synthesis

Answer 10

ACETYL CoA CARBOXYLASE (ACC)

Insulin (+)
Citrate (+)
Glucagon (-)
Palmitoyl-CoA (-)

Question 11

Fatty Acid Oxidation

Answer 11

CARNITINE ACYLTRANSFERASE I

Malonyl CoA (-)

Question 12

Ketogenesis

Answer 12

HMG-CoA SYNTHASE

Question 13

Cholesterol Synthesis

Answer 13

HMG-CoA REDUCTASE

Insulin (+)
Thyroxine (+)
Estrogen (+)
Glucagon (-)
Cholesterol (-)