Minerals Flashcards
MACROMINERALS (major elements)
daily requirement >100 mg/day
Calcium Magnesium Phosphorus Sodium Potassium Chloride Sulfur
MICROMINERALS (trace elements)
daily requirement <100 mg/day
Iron
Zinc
etc.
ULTRA TRACE ELEMENTS
daily requirements <1mg/day
Iodine
Molybdenum
Selenium
For oxygen binding
For ABSORPTION by ENTEROCYTES
FERROUS (Fe2+)
For TRANSPORT in blood via TRANSFERRIN
For STORAGE in enterocytes, liver, spleen, bone marrow (via apoferritin + ferric iron = ferritin)
FERRIC (Fe3+)
For oxygen binding
For ABSORPTION by enterocytes
FERROUS (Fe2+)
For TRANSPORT in blood (via TRANSFERRIN)
For STORAGE in enterocytes, liver, spleen, bone marrow
FERRIC (Fe3+)
Site of iron absorption
PROXIMAL DUODENUM
Favors reduction of FERRIC IRON to FERROUS IRON
Vitamin C
Facilitates transfer of iron from the apical surfaces of enterocytes into their interior
Divalent Metal Transporter (DMT1)
Fate of Iron into Enterocytes
stored as FERRITIN
travel across basolateral membrane converts ferrous to ferric via HEPHAESTIN (Cu containing protein) –> attaches to TRANSFERRIN
Chief regulator of systemic iron homeostasis
HEPCIDIN
Constituent of Vitamin B 12
Cobalt
Cobalt deficiency
Macrocytic anemia
Potentiates the ACTION OF INSULIN in patients w/ impaired glucose tolerance by increasing insulin receptor mediated signaling
Chromium