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Biochemistry > Lipids > Flashcards

Lipids Flashcards

1
Q

Transported in CHYLOMICRONS

A

LONG CHAIN FA

C16

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2
Q

Directly absorbed in the bloodstream – HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN

A

Medium Chain FA

C8-C14

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3
Q

Directly absorbed in the bloodstream – HEPATIC PORTAL VEIN

FOOD for the COLONOCYTES

A

Short Chain Fatty Acids

C2-C6

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4
Q

NO DOUBLE BOND in the hydrocarbon chain

fatty is saturated with HYDROGEN

all C-C bonds are SINGLE BONDS

A

SATURATED FA

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5
Q

At least ONE DOUBLE BOND in the hydrocarbon is present

A

UNSATURATED FA

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6
Q

H atoms found on the SAME side

A

CIS form

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7
Q

H atoms found on the OPPOSITE side

A

TRANS FORM

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8
Q

ONLY 1 DOUBLE BOND

A

Monounsaturated FA

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9
Q

MORE THAN 1 DOUBLE BOND

A

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

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10
Q

ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS

A

Linoleic Acid

a- linolenic acid

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11
Q

SEMI ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS

A

Arachidonic acid – from linoleic acid

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12
Q

Omega 3 FA

A 
alpha linolenic acid
timnodonic acid (eicosa pentaenoic acid)
cervonic acid (docosa hexaenoic acid) (DHA)
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13
Q

Omega 6 series

A 
Linoleic acid
Linolenic acid (GLA)
Arachidonic acid
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14
Q

Omega 9 series

A

Oleic acid

Elaidic acid

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15
Q

SIMPLE LIPIDS

A

FA + glycerol

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16
Q

COMPLEX LIPIDS

A

FA + (glycerol/sphingosine) + phosphoric acid/carbohydrates/proteins

17
Q

Docosa Hexaenoic Acid (DHA)

A

SOURCES: human milk, fish liver oils, algal oils

synthesized in the body from alpha linolenic acid

HIGHEST CONCENTRATION - RETINA, CEREBRAL CORTEX, SPERM

18
Q

Associated with LOW DHA

A

INCREASED RISK OF RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA

19
Q

Main storage form of lipids in the body

A

TRIACYLGLYCEROL (Triglyceride, neutral fat)

20
Q

Glycerophospholipid Components

A

Glycerol
FA esterified to the first 2 carbon atoms
Nitrogenous base
Phosphoric Acid

21
Q

Components of Phosphatidic Acid

SIMPLEST PHOSPHOLIPID

A

Glycerol
FA esterified to the first 2 carbon atoms
Phosphoric Acid

22
Q

Most abundant phospholipid of cell membrane

LARGEST BODY STORE OF CHOLINE

A

LECITHIN (Phosphatidylcholine)

23
Q

Glycerophospholipid w/ Ethanolamine as nitrogenous base

Play role in BLOOD COAGULATION

A

Cephalin (Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine)

24
Q

ONLY phospholipids which possess ANTIGENICITY

A

CARDIOLIPIN

recognized by antibodies raised against T. pallidum (syphilis)

25
Q

Nitrogenous base - SERINE

Plays an important role in PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH

A

Phosphatidylserine

26
Q

Present in the CELL MEMBRANE

Play an important role in CELL SIGNALLING and MEMBRANE TRAFFICKING

Precursor of 2nd messenger in hormonal pathways

A

Phosphatidylinositolr

27
Q

Found in OUTER LEAFLET OF CELL MEMBRANE BILAYER

Abundant in LIPID RAFTS and MYELIN SHEATH

Play a role in cell signalling and apoptosis

A

Sphingomyelins

28
Q

Complex lipids which contain carbohydrate but NO phosphoric acid

A

GLYCOLIPIDS

Cerebroside
Globoside
Ganglioside

29
Q

Ceramide + Monosaccharide

A

CEREBROSIDE

Glucocerebroside - ceramide + glucose
Galactocerebroside - ceramide + galactose

30
Q

Ceramide + Oligosaccharide

A

Globoside

31
Q

Ceramide + Oligosaccharide with NANA or sialic acid

A

Ganglioside

32
Q

The simplest ganglioside found in tissues

A

GM3 ganglioside

ceramide + glucose + galactose + NANA

33
Q

Known to be receptor for CHOLERA TOXIN in human intestine

A

GM 1 Ganglioside

34
Q

FA required in the diet d.t. inability of human cells to synthesize

A

Essential FA

35
Q

Refers to the location of sites of UNSATURATION relative to the omega end

A

Omega Fatty Acid

36
Q

FA with a single site on unsaturation

A

MONOUNSATURATED FA (MUFA)

Oleic acid - omega 9 MUFA - most physiologically significant MUFA

37
Q

FA with a multiple sites of unsaturation

A

POLYUNSATURATED FA (MUFA)

omega 3 and omega 6 PUFA

Biochemistry (75 decks)

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