Varicella

Question 1

Varicella known as chickenpox

vaih re cha La

vari ce lla

Answer 1

an acute infectious disease

Question 2

Signs and Symptoms

Answer 2

early:
(1) fever
(2) headache
(3) malaise
then
1-rash begins 10-21 days after infection as small, red spots
2-become little bumps
3-then small fluid-filled blisters
then
lesions can erupt anywhere on the body

Question 3

-rash begins 10-21 days after infection as small, red spots

Answer 3

macules

mac yil

mac ules بقع

Question 4

become little bumps

Answer 4

papules

Question 5

small fluid-filled blisters

Answer 5

vesicles/pustules

Question 6

at increased risk :

Answer 6

(1) more severe in older children & adults
(2) threat to immunocompromised people and
also rash can spread over whole body

Question 7

chracteristic :

Answer 7

1-most cases mild
2-begins with pain or tingling in skin
supplied by sensory nerve with latent virus
3-major threat to babies

Question 8

lesions usually 1st appear on:

Answer 8

• head
• chest
• back
  -on mucous membranes
  -itch

Question 9

_______________can lead to serious secondary infections

Answer 9

scratching

Question 10

Causative Agent

Answer 10

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV)
Zoster = shingles

zas tir/shin gils

zoster/ shin gle

Question 11

reactivation of own latent virus
اعادة تنشيط الفيروس الكامن الخاص

Answer 11

(1) can occur at any age
(2) increasingly common later in life
(3) does not spread person to person

Question 12

rash similar to chickenpox except:

Answer 12

(1) limited to one side of the body
(2) painful

Question 13

duration of pain :

Answer 13

-lesions subside in week
-pain can last months or longer

Question 14

transmission:

Answer 14

(1) result in chickenpox in susceptible person
(2) need contact with drainage from lesions

sis sap tib ill=vulnerable=قابل للعطب

sus cep tible

Question 15

Pathogenesis

Answer 15

-enters body by respiratory route
-disseminates to skin via bloodstream

Question 16

Epidemiology

Answer 16

human only reservoir
highly contagious
infectious 1-2 days before rash until all lesions crusted over (~4 days after onset)

Question 17

peak incidence

Answer 17

winter & spring

Question 18

congenital varicella syndrome can cause:

Answer 18

(a) underdeveloped head & limbs
(b) cataracts
case-fatality rate up to 30% in newborns

Question 19

Prevention

Answer 19

vaccine for chickenpox
(single agent or MMRV)
50+ vaccine for shingles

Question 20

Treatment:

Answer 20

acyclovir & famciclovir

a sik liv eer/ fm sik liv eer

a cyclo vir / fam cic lovir

Question 21

An area of abnormal or damaged tissue caused by injury, infection, or disease

Answer 21

lesions جرح

lee jin

le sion