ch 27 part 10 reviews

Question 1

viral stis

disease 10

Answer 1

HIV/AIDS

Question 2

HIV stages

Answer 2

1-infection
2-disease
3-AIDs

Question 3

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

Answer 3

AIDs

Question 4

HIV infection

Answer 4

infected but not ill
contracts HIV

Question 5

when does HIV disease stage start :

Answer 5

6 days to 6 weeks after contracting HIV

Question 6

HIV disease stage charcteristic :

Answer 6

6 days to 6 weeks after contracting HIV
early stage, temporary flu-like symptoms
Acute retroviral syndrome (ARS)
asymptomatic period for years

Question 7

HIV disease stage symptoms :

Answer 7

fever
(b) head & muscle aches
(c) sore throat
(d) enlarged lymph nodes
(e) generalized rash can occur

Question 8

coincides with high levels of virus replication

Answer 8

Acute retroviral syndrome (ARS)

Question 9

asymptomatic period for years
How?

Answer 9

clinical latency
virus continuous to replicate

Question 10

HIV (viral) set point : helps ______and high means________

Answer 10

higher : more quickly to develop AIDs
predictor of disease progression

Question 11

AIDS symptoms :

Answer 11

(a) fever
(b) weight loss
(c) diarrhea
(d) fatigue

Question 12

most AIDs symptoms due to ______

Answer 12

tumors or opportunistic infections

Question 13

AIDs stage charcterized by :

Answer 13

T helper cells (CD4 lymphocytes) drop

Question 14

caustive agent

Answer 14

Human Immunodeficiency Virus type 1 (HIV-1)

Question 15

retrovirus

Answer 15

(RNA virus)

Question 16

main cause worldwide

Answer 16

west Africa : HIV-2

Question 17

HIV’s virus components :

Answer 17

1-Surface glycoprotein (SU) gp120
2-Transmembrane glycoprotein (TM) gp41
3-Matrix protein (MA) p17
4-Capsid protein (CA) p24

Question 18

glycoprotain :

Answer 18

(SU) gp120
Attachment & entry

Question 19

Transmembrane glycoprotein

Answer 19

Anchors spikes to the envelope
or like a hand

Question 20

Matrix protein

Answer 20

(MA) p17
stabilizes
virions

veer yn

virion

Question 21

Capsid protein

Answer 21

(CA) p24
protect viral nucleic acid

Question 22

pathogenosis

CD4+ roles or functions

Answer 22

a) activate B cell
(b) activate macrophages
(c) stimulate Tc cells

Question 23

pathogenosis 1

attaches to CD4+ cells by
and also need __________

Answer 23

gb 120,host co-receptor

Question 24

pathogenosis 2

reverse transcriptase (RT)

Answer 24

convert RNA to DNA or we can say make DNA copy OF viral RNA

Question 25

DNA to RNA conversion process is :

Answer 25

transcrapates through enzyme : polymerase

Question 26

RNA to DNA conversion process is

Answer 26

reverse transcraptes

Question 27

RT has high rate of error that means :

Answer 27

HIV genetically highly variable

Question 28

pathogenosis 4

DNA moved to nucleus inserted into host cell DNA by

Answer 28

integrase

Question 29

HIV use RT to :

Answer 29

replicate and spread

Question 30

retroviral use

Answer 30

genetic info + RNA+protain

Question 31

transmission :

Answer 31

sexual contact
(2) blood and blood products
(3) sharing needles

Question 32

vertical transmission

Answer 32

across the placenta
childbirth
breast feeding

Question 33

need large viral______for transmission

Answer 33

viral titer

Question 34

prevention :

Answer 34

condoms
education
testing
needles exchange programs
abstinence
monogamy
decrease mother infection by
cesarion
medication

Question 35

treatment :

Answer 35

ART (antiretroviral therapy)/
HAART (highly active antiretroviral therapy)

Question 36

decrease mother infection by __________

Answer 36

cesarion
medication

Question 37

ART’s effect on HIV disease

Answer 37

cocktail
act on replicating virus at different parts of life cycle
Not a cure
delay progression of HIV disease to AIDs
lowers set point