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Microbiology > Unit 4 - Fungi General > Flashcards

Unit 4 - Fungi General Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Are fungi prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

A

eukaryotes

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2
Q

Do fungi have mitochondria?

A

yes

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3
Q

How do fungi multiply?

A

by both binary fission and sexual means

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4
Q

What is the wall of fungi made up of?

A

they contain chitin, chitosan, mannans, and glucans

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5
Q

Do fungi contain sterols?

A

yes - usally ergosterol and zymosterol and not cholesterol as in mammalian cell membranes

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6
Q

Are fungi susceptible to antibiotics?

A

they are not susceptible to classical antibiotics but are susceptible to polyene antibiotics which are active against erosterol and zymosterol

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7
Q

True or False: All fungi lack the stem and leaf structure of highly organized plants.

A

true - note that not every fungus will adhere to these rules

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8
Q

True or False: Fungi can manufacture their own food

A

false - they do not have chlorophyll therefore they cannot manufacture their own food

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9
Q

Fungi are either ______, ______, or _______. (type of organism they are)

A

saprophytic, symbiotic, or parasitic

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10
Q

What are fungi primarily identified by?

A

gross and microscopic visual means (i.e. the color of the colonies and the size, arrangement, and structure of their spores and reproductive structures)

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11
Q

What are the two different forms that fungi is seen in?

A

yeasts and molds

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12
Q

Yeasts are the _____ form of fungi.

A

simplest

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13
Q

What is the morphology of yeasts?

A

they are round or oval and single celled

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14
Q

How does yeast reproduce?

A

via budding

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15
Q

What are pseudohyphae?

A

chains of yeast cells that elongate and look like filaments or hyphae

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16
Q

How do molds reproduce?

A

by spores

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17
Q

What do molds do on suitable substrate?

A

The spores elarge somewhat, germinate, and send out a germ tube. The germ tube elongates to form a hypha and forms long filaments. They branch and may or may not form septa which divide the hyphae into uninucleated or multinucleated cells.

18
Q

What is it called when septae of mold do not form the hyphae?

A

coenocytic

19
Q

What type of hyphae form as part of the mycelium?

A

vegetative, aerial, and reproductive

20
Q

Where are vegetative hyphae located?

A

they penetrate down into the medium

21
Q

Where are aerial hyphae located?

A

above the medium

22
Q

What does the reproductive hyphae develop from?

A

the aerial hyphae

23
Q

What are dimorphic fungi?

A

fungi that have both a yeast phase and a mold phase

24
Q

What seems to be the more common mode of reproduction in fungi?

A

asexual reproduction

25
Q

How do fungi asexually reproduce?

A

budding and the formation of a variety of spore types

26
Q

What does sexual reproduction in fungi involve?

A

the union of gametes

27
Q

What is the perfect state?

A

the sexually reproductive form of fungi

28
Q

What is the imperfect state?

A

the asexual state of fungi

29
Q

What is the name of the kindgom for fungi?

A

Mycetae

30
Q

What are the two groups within Mycetae?

A

Aseptate mycelia and sepate mycelia

31
Q

What class belongs to Aseptate mycelia?

A

Phycomycetes or Zygomycetes

32
Q

What classes belong in septae mycelia?

A

Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Deuteromycetes

33
Q

What does Ascomycota get its name from?

A

the formation of a sexual stage called the ascus

34
Q

What is within the ascus?

A

a number of ascospores

35
Q

What is Basidiomycota comprised of?

A

the mushrooms, toadstools, smits, and rusts of plants

36
Q

What important pathogen exists in the class Basidiomycota?

A

Filobasidiella neoformans

37
Q

What is another name for the class Deuteromycetes?

A

fungi imperfecti

38
Q

What organisms belong in the class Deuteromycetes?

A

those for which a sexual stage has not been found

39
Q

What is the standard media used for growth of fungi?

A

Sabouraud’s Glucose Agar (SGA)

40
Q

What is special media used for with fungi?

A

to produce identifying structures or characteristics

41
Q

What is the ideal temperature for fungi growth?

A

some grow well at 22 C and others at 37 C

Microbiology (50 decks)

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