Mycoplasmas of Chicken and Turkeys Flashcards
What Mycoplasmas are common in chickens and turkeys?
Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma meleagridis, Mycoplasma iowae, Mycoplasma gallinarum, Mycoplasma anatis
What does Mycoplasma gallisepticum cause?
chronic respiratory disease of chickens and infectious sinusitis of turkeys
What does Mycoplasma gallisepticum cause in wild house finches in the US?
severe conjunctivitis
How is Mycoplasma gallisepticum transmitted?
contact, airborne, droplet, as well as egg and venereal transmission
What virulence factors does Mycoplasma gallisepticum have?
adhesions, variable expression of surface antigens, and immunosuppresion
Is disease caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum more severe in turkeys or chickens?
turkeys
What can make infections of Mycoplasma gallisepticum more severe in chickens?
complicating bacterial and viral infections
What environmental factors affect the severity of Mycoplasma gallisepticum infections?
adverse temperature, poor ventilation, high humidity, ammonia, and dust
What is the best preventative method for Mycobacterium gallisepticum?
maintaining breeder flocks free of the organism
Is immunization available for Mycoplasma gallisepticum?
yes
What is F strain?
a modified live organism that reduces losses in egg production in laying hens
What can be used to kill Mycoplasma gallisepticum in eggs?
egg dipping or egg heating
What is egg dipping?
placing a cool egg in a warm solution of antibiotic and allowing the egg to absorb the antibiotic
What is egg heating?
heating the egg at 114 degrees F for 30 minutes
Generally, what does Mycoplasma synoviae cause?
infectious synovitis and air-sacculitis in chickens and turkeys primarily in the US
How is Mycoplasma synoviae transmitted?
via eggs or laterally by contact and aerosol
Specifically what is caused by Mycoplasma synoviae?
acute generalized respiratory disease progressing to arthritis, synovitis of joints, keel bursae, tendonitis, and airsacculits
In turkeys, what tissues are involved in Mycoplasma synoviae infections?
joints and air sacs
How is Mycoplasma synoviae prevented?
egg dipping or egg heating
How is Mycoplasma synoviae treated?
Chlortetracycline in feed
What is Mycoplasma meleagridis cause?
air sacculitis in TURKEYS ONLY
How is Mycoplasma meleagridis transmitted?
via egg transmission and lateral transmission in the hatcher
How soon can disease caused by Mycoplasma meleagridis be seen?
in newly hatched poults
How is Mycoplasma meleagridis prevented?
egg dipping and egg heating as well as sanitation in semen collection and insemination
What does Mycoplasma iowae cause?
reduced hatchability of chicken and turkey embryos, airsacculitis, tenosynovitis, arthritis, and digital-flexor-tendon rupture
What may infection of Mycoplasma iowae in young turkeys cause?
damage to the bursa of Fabricius accompanied by a transient immunosuppresion
What does Mycoplasma gallinarum cause?
it combines with infectious bronchitis virus and causes a more severe bronchitis
What does Mycoplasma anatis cause?
airsacculitis, meningitis, serositis, and pneumonia in ducklings
