Mycoplasmas of Swine

Question 1

What are the common Mycoplasmas of swine?

Answer 1

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyorhinis, Mycoplasma synoviae, Mycoplasma suis, and Mycoplasma flocculare

Question 2

What does Mycoplamsa hyopneumoniae cause?

Answer 2

mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine (enzootic pneumonia)

Question 3

What complex is enzootic pneumonia a part of?

Answer 3

Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex (PRDC)

Question 4

How is Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae transmitted?

Answer 4

contact and aerosol

Question 5

What swine population is Mycoplasma hypneumoniae especially prevalent in?

Answer 5

confinement-reared swine

Question 6

What are the characteristic lesions associated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae?

Answer 6

peribronchiolar and perivascular infiltration by lymphocytes

Question 7

How is Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae immunosuppresive?

Answer 7

it damages ciliated tracheal epithelium

Question 8

What is the specific morphology of virulent strains of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae?

Answer 8

they have a thicker surface composed of a polysaccharide

Question 9

What are the co-infections associated with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae?

Answer 9

Pasteurella multocida, Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, Actinobacillus suis, Streptococcus suis, and Salmonella choleraesuis

Question 10

How is Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae prevented?

Answer 10

with vaccines and improvement of management

Question 11

How is Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae eradicated?

Answer 11

a combination of immunization, herd closire, antibiotic treatment, and biosecurity measures

Question 12

Are antibiotics helpful in treating Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae?

Answer 12

yes but if the damage is already done they do not

Question 13

What does Mycoplasma hyorhinis cause?

Answer 13

sporadic polyserositis in young pigs and eustachitis and otitis media in young pigs in Japan

Question 14

In normal swine, where is Mycoplasma hyorhinis found?

Answer 14

in the upper respiratory tract

Question 15

What can make swine susceptible to Mycoplasma hyorhinis?

Answer 15

stress such as anemia, respiratory or enteric disease, and PRRS

Question 16

Is there a vaccine for Mycoplasma hyorhinis?

Answer 16

yes, it is called MycoMAX

Question 17

What does Mycoplasma hyosynoviae cause?

Answer 17

polyarthritis in growing and finishing swine

Question 18

Mycoplasma hyosynoviae is carried in the _____ of a high percentage of adults and convalescent swine for a long time?

Answer 18

tonsils

Question 19

How is Mycoplasma hyosynoviae transmitted?

Answer 19

from the sow to the piglets and then among penmates

Question 20

What is thought to be predisposing to overt disease associated with Mycoplasma hyosynoviae?

Answer 20

stress such as osteochondrosis

Question 21

Is there a vaccine for Mycoplasma hyosynoviae?

Answer 21

no

Question 22

What is Mycoplasma suis the cause of?

Answer 22

eperythrozoonosis

Question 23

What is eperythrozoonosis associated with?

Answer 23

stress

Question 24

How is Mycoplasma suis transmitted?

Answer 24

by hog louse, mosquitos, and flies as well as in-utero and oral transmission

Question 25

What is the pathogenesis of Mycoplasma suis?

Answer 25

the organism attacks red cells and the damaged cells are cleared eventually resulting in anemia

Question 26

What clinical signs do pigs under 5 days of Age that are infected with Mycoplasma suis exhibit?

Answer 26

skin pallor and icterus - some recover but show signs of anemia and general unthriftiness

Question 27

What are acute clinical signs of a Mycoplasma suis infection?

Answer 27

anorexia and fever for a few days at farrowingor at weaning

Question 28

What are chronic clinical signs of Mycoplasma suis infection?

Answer 28

infected animals may be anemic and exhibit decreased reproductive function

Question 29

What is a common result of secondary infection of Mycoplasma suis?

Answer 29

DEATHHHHHH

Question 30

How is Mycoplasma suis diagnosed in acute cases?

Answer 30

blood smears of febrile pigs

Question 31

How are subclinical cases of Mycoplasma suis diagnosed?

Answer 31

with an indirect hemagglutination test that has been developed to detect serum antibody

Question 32

Is there approved treatment for Mycoplasma suis infections?

Answer 32

no

Question 33

How can the spread of Mycoplasma suis be controlled?

Answer 33

by controlling lice and mange and by using individual needles and instruments or by disinfecting instruments between animals

Question 34

What can be used to prevent some anemia caused by Mycoplasma Suis?

Answer 34

Iron-dextran injections

Question 35

Is Mycoplasma flocculare pathogenic?

Answer 35

no

Question 36

Why is Mycoplasma flocculare a problem?

Answer 36

because it is very similar to hyopneumoniae and is very common so it is hard to differentiate between the two