Unit 2 study guide Flashcards
Cult of Domesticity
attempted to define gender roles in the nineteenth century by limiting women to a domestic sphere
Abolitionism
the movement in opposition to slavery, often demanding immediate, uncompensated emancipation of all slaves
Jacksonian Democracy
Movement for more democracy in America led by Jackson, wanted no banks, smaller government, better system for poor farmers
Manifest Destiny
the idea that the United States is destined—by God, its advocates believed—to expand its dominion and spread democracy and capitalism across the entire North American continent.
Polygamy
Practiced by Mormons, having two or more spouses at a time
Joseph Smith who founded Mormons announced the practice of it running for president
Popular Sovereignty
The doctrine stating that the sovereign people of a territory should themselves determine the status of slavery within that territory.
Spoils System
Jackson vowed t punish the people that attacked him during his campaign
thought spoils system would rotate jobs so more citizens could participate in gov.
Temperance
the act of not drinking alcohol to better society
Federal System
government with both independent state governments and a national government with limited powers to handle matters of common interest.
Republican Government
a limited government, in which elected representatives make laws in the people’s interest while respecting the constitutional rights of citizens.
Great Compromise
Compromise that proposed 2 houses of Congress. One where a states population would determine representation and another where all states ere represented equally.In the House of Representatives each state would be assigned a number of seats in proportion to its population
Shays Rebellion
Daniel Shays led a rebellion against governments taxing farmers and forclosing farms. The rebels went to Springfield to protest but troops stopped them.
Pinckney’s Treaty
A treaty with Spain that set the border between the United States and Spanish Florida
Three-Fifths Compromise
- Compromise that made all slaves count as ⅗ of a person for taxation and representation
Alexander Hamilton
First Secretary of Treasury, created the bank and nations foundation of economy.
Daniel Shays
Farmer who started the Shays Rebellion
Whiskey Rebellion
Farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled in about the new taxing on Whiskey. Farmers ho produced whiskey were losing money
Neutrality Proclamation
Washington state USA would not support France or Britain in their European conflict
Jays Treaty
1794- British and USA agreed for British trade and that britain leaves northwest territory
XYZ Affair
French minister Talleyrand asked for a bribe from US for negotiations, American diplomats agreed. Adams thought this insulted Americas honor and cut off trade with France
Alien and Sedition Acts
Federalist Congress aimed at protecting the government by acts making it harder for immigrants to vote and made it a crime to criticize President or Congress
Kentucky and Virginia Resolves
Declared that states could nullify federal laws that states found unconstitutional, written by Jefferson and Madison, result of Alien laws
Virginia Plan
States got a number of representitives in Congress based on population
New Jersey Plan
Each state had one vote in Congress
Ratification
9 out of 13 states to approve a law to make it true
Judiciary Act of 1789
Passed an act to establish a federal court in each state that operated according to local procedures
Bank of USA
Created by Hamilton, save governments money till needed
Bill of Rights
First 10 amendments of the Constitution, rights for individuals, 1791
Election of 1800
Jefferson and Burr both received 73 electoral votes, so House of Representatives decided Jefferson as President (democrat republican party)
Second Great Awakening
Religious revival starting in 1801, attracted women, blacks, natives.
Charles Finney
Preacher of Second Great Awakening, preached everyone could have a spiritual rebirth and could be saved
Louisiana Purchase
Western USA territory purchased from France for 15 million
Lewis and Clark Expedition
Sent by Jefferson to explore northwestern territories. Traveled from St. Louis to Colombia River from 1803-1806
Impressment
British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into British navy, factor in War of 1812
Chesapeake Incident
Chesapeake was stopped in Atlantic by British Leopard which led to British attacks and the enforcement of Embargo Acts of Jefferson