Chapter 14 Flashcards
WHo took control of Mississippi?
Winfield Scott, confederate
Rebel Yell
A frightening yell that Confederate soldiers gave when entering battle. Many Northern troops commented on how unnerving it could be
Bull Run
fight
Army of the Potomac
The main Union army led by a series of generals until Ulysses S. Grant took command in 1863 and led it to the final victory in 1865
Army of Northern Virginia
The main Confederate army led for most of the war by Robert E. Lee fought in Virginia, Maryland, and Pennsylvania before surrendering at Appomattox Court House in April 1865.
Peninsular Campaign of 1862
McClellan landed troops on the Virginia coast to march up the peninsula to capture Richmond.
Who kept Tennessee in Confederate Hands?
Stonewall Jackson
Contrabands
Also known as contraband of war, the name Union generals gave to former slaves who escaped to the Union lines and worked in support of Union troops
Colonization
A plan, popular in the 1830s and briefly considered by President Lincoln, to create colonies in Africa to which former slaves might return. It was never popular with slaves or former slaves themselves.
Emancipation Proclamation
Decree announced by President Abraham Lincoln formally issued on January 1, 1863, freeing slaves in all Confederate States still in rebellion.
Lincoln hoped to gain more support for the war.
Saw it as a military strategy.
Peace Democrats
Also known as Copperheads, a large faction within the Democratic Party that advocated immediate peace with the Confederacy on terms that would allow it to leave the Union.
Believed that Emancipation Proclamation was leading to a longer, more bloody war.
What did Lincoln sign making the Civil War a war to end slavery?
Emacipation Proclamation
The Militia Act of 1862
set the pay of black soldiers at the level of military laborers
The confederate government was always short on money as
they had limited taxes
What did the government do because of this?
Printed more money
What did this lead to?
Terrible inflation and food shortages
Internal Revenue Service
An agency created by Congress during the Civil War to collect federal taxes in support of the war effort.
Income under 800 dollars was not taxed
Made most people exempt
Greenbacks
Paper currency printed on order of Congress based on the federal government’s promise to pay rather than backed by actual gold or silver as security
Result was the creation of a solid monetary system that lasted long after the war
What was put in place in 1863?
Military draft enforced
New York Draft Riot
A mostly Irish-immigrant protest against conscription in New York City that escalated into class and racial warfare
Federal troops ended the violence.
The North was becoming divided over the war.
Both the Union and the Confederacy sought allies among
the tribes in Indian territory
How does Stonewall Jackson die?
His troops accidentally shoot him
Sanitary Commission
Created in 1861 to improve the medical services and treatment for sick and wounded Union soldiers during the course of the war
Dorothea Dix
Organized women to become nurses in the army
