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APUSH > CHapter 2 > Flashcards

CHapter 2 Flashcards

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AP® U.S. History flashcards
1
Q

Christopher Columbus landed on ______ in ______

A

San Salvador, 1492

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2
Q

Who did Christopher Columbus meet in the Americas

A

Taino Indiaons

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3
Q

What did Columbus introduce to the Tainos?

A

Christianity and weaponry

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4
Q

What did Europe gain from finding Americas?

A

Wealth and power

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5
Q

What did the Indians gain from Columbus?

A

Disease and death

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6
Q

Treaty of Tordesillas

A

Spain and Portugal split up territories where east of Brazil is Portugal, and the rest of South America is Spanish (1494)

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7
Q

What path did Columbus find and what did it lead to?

A

Path from Atlantic directly to Asia, led to gold and slaves

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8
Q

Where did Columbus try to set up a government but fail?
(3rd Voyage)

A

Hispaniola

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9
Q

What did Amerigo Vespucci do?

A

made voyages between 1497-1504 and found that there was another continent (America)
recognizesd that there was a North and South America

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10
Q

What did European Queen Isabelle and King Ferdinand want?

A

Gold, but for the Indians to be treated well

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11
Q

What did Nicolas de Ovando do?

A

Brought spanish settlers to America to build settlements

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12
Q

How did Ovando treat the Taino Indians?

A

Horrible, 700 were knifed to death

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13
Q

How many Tainos were left in the 1500s

A

1,000

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14
Q

How did the Tainos die?

A

Samllpox, measles

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15
Q

Native American population dropped to 4.5 million bc

A

war and disease

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16
Q

What races dominated Americas in 1514

A

Mixed
40% spanish men had native wives

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17
Q

What did Columbuses voyages do for others

A

Voyages became trade routes for Europeans, Americans, and unwilling Africans

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18
Q

Ferdinand Magellan

A

Took 5 ships and voyages around the peak of Africa

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19
Q

Ferdinand Magellans crew members were the

A

first to circumnavigate the globe (Magellan died before)

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20
Q

Columbian Exchange

A

Share of diseases, plants, animals, cultures of Europeans and Americans

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21
Q

Who conquered the Aztec Capital in 1521

A

Hernan Cortes

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22
Q

What did Cortes rename Tenochtitlan (Aztec Capital)

A

Mexico City

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23
Q

Who did Cortes take prisoner for Aztec Capital

A

Its emperor, Motecubzoma

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24
Q

Who turned on Cortes in 1520

A

The prior Aztecs

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25
Q

Who helped Cortes conquer the Aztecs once and for all

A

Non-Aztec tribes

26
Q

What was Mexico Citys new capital and religion

A

New Spain, Catholic

27
Q

Did Cortes and his city thrive?

A

Yes

28
Q

In 1532, who did Pizarro defeat?

A

THe Inca EMperor

29
Q

What did Inca become

A

Viceroyalty to Peru, supplied gold and silver to finance Spains European Expiditions

30
Q

Bartolone de las Casas

A

Spoke out on how Indians were opressed, documented the cruelty of spanish conquistadores

31
Q

What was Casas before he spoke out for Indians for 50 years

A

Priest

32
Q

What was Casas known as?

A

The ¨Black Legend¨ of Spanish cruelty

33
Q

Martin Luther (1517)

A

Hung the 95 Theses on the Catholic Churchs door to challenge their views

34
Q

What did Martin Luther start?

A

The Protestant Reformation

35
Q

What two treaties provided each nation that the ruler would decide the faith of the people

A

Treaty of West Phalia and Peace of Augsburg

36
Q

Ponce de Leon

A

Led first European expeditions to Puerto Rico and Florida

37
Q

What did Ponce de Leon found?

A

First spanish community San Juan in 1508

38
Q

What did Ponce de Leon found?

A

First spanish community San Juan in 1508

39
Q

What was Ponce de Leon the governor of?

A

Puerto Rico

40
Q

How many followers did Leon come back with after his expeditions?

A

200

41
Q

WHat did Leon seek?

A

Fountain of Youth and expansion of Spains empire in the Americas

42
Q

Panfilo de Nareaz

A

Sailed with 400 men to Florida to colonize it

43
Q

What happened to Naraez and his group?

A

Attacked by American Indians, left with 250 men

44
Q

Where were Naraez and Group taken

A

Galveston Texas by wind and rain

45
Q

What heppened at galveston

A

After many casualties, only 15 out of 80 explorers survived winter and disease

46
Q

Who remained after Naraez group casualties

A

Vaca, Dorantes, Maldonado, and slave Esteban

47
Q

How did the 4 get home, how long did it take

A

Walked to Mexico City, took 8 years

48
Q

How did the 4 use the way home as an advantage?

A

Stopped at villages and learned of 7 wealthy cities with buildings of gold, silver, and copper

49
Q

Who led the exploration to find the wealthy cities

A

Marco de Niza with Esteban in 1539

50
Q

Why did Niza stop his investigation?

A

Threatened to be killed

51
Q

Hernando de Soto

A

Explored to Florida with 600 spaniards and 100 captive Indians, moved p to Georgia and the Carolinas (1540)

52
Q

Who did Soto take captive and where did she take them

A

A princess in Cofitachqui, led them to the Appalachian Mountains but escaped

53
Q

Gaspard de Coligny

A

A French Protestant that recruited Florida settlers, wanting to secure land for the French and find seas between Spain in Mexico and South America and Spain itself

54
Q

Why was Coligny a threat to Spaniards

A

He threatened religion, so they established cities in Florida to oust the French Protestants

55
Q

Verrazanno

A

Explored Atlantic Coast to find sea roue to Asia for France
First to sail to New York Harbor

56
Q

Jacques Carter

A

Explored Newfoundlnd and gulf of St. Lawrence River and a;so explored Quebec and Montreal

57
Q

Who did Carter trade with and how did he lose crew

A

Traded with Indians, lost crew from winter

58
Q

Francis Drake

A

famous pirate known to exploit commissioned by the government, helping harass the Spanish treasure fleets

59
Q

WHat did Francis Drake also explore

A

exploring around the globe from 1577 to 1580, then continuing across the Pacific and around Africa

60
Q

What did Drake attack

A

St. Augustine to help defeat the SPanish Armada and died in 1596 while harassing the Spanish

61
Q

WHat was Columbuses 2nd voyage?

A

second voyage with 17 ships to find gold and slaves

62
Q

What helped fuel the Protestant Reformation

A

The printing press

APUSH (51 decks)

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